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- Write the comparison between forced and free convection in a non-isothermal system?Reconsider Prob. 9-20. Using the EES (or other) software, evaluate the effect of the plate thickness on the surface temperature exposed to the cold air. By varying the plate thickness from 0.01 to 0.1 m, plot the plate surface temperature on the cold air side as a function of the plate thickness. Prob A 0.2-m-long and 25-mm-thick vertical plate (k = 1.5 W/m∙K) separates the hot water from the cold air at 2°C. The plate surface exposed to the hot water has a temperature of 100°C, and the surface exposed to the cold air has an emissivity of 0.73. Determine the temperature of the plate surface exposed to the cold air (Ts,c).Define Nusselt (Nu), Prandtl (Pr), Reynolds (Re) and Grashof (Gr) dimensionless numbers. State which numbers are used in free and forced convection to determine the heat transfer coefficient.
- Illustrate the concept of convection in heat transfer operation and also differentiate forced convection and natural convection with suitable examples. Why thermal conductivity of liquid decreases whereas that of gas increases by increasing temperature?Consider a 50-cm-diameter and 95-cm-long hot water tank. The tank is placed on the roof of a house. The water inside the tank is heated to 80°C by a flat-plate solar collector during the day. The tank is then exposed to windy air at 18°C with an average velocity of 40 km/h during the night. Estimate the temperature of the tank after a 45-min period. Assume the tank surface to be at the same temperature as the water inside, and the heat transfer coefficient on the top and bottom surfaces to be the same as that on the side surface. Evaluate the air properties at 50°C.A heated plate, 20 by 20 cm, is inclined at an angle of 60°with the horizontal and placed in water. Approximately constant-heat-flux conditions prevail with a mean plate temperature of 40°C and the heated surface facing downward. The water temperature is 20°C. Calculate the heat lost by the plate.
- For the Convective Heat Transfer experiment, describe the difference in the procedures: Natural or FreeConvection and Forced convection. What makes the FORCED convection experiment as FORCED? Explain which, in your consideration should give the higher heat transfer rate? And REASON why? Did your results support your consideration?Thick fluids such as asphalt and waxes and the pipes in which they flow are often heated in order to reduce the viscosity of the fluids and thus to reduce the pumping costs. Consider the flow of such a fluid through a 100-m-long pipe of outer diameter 30 cm in calm ambient air at 0oC. The pipe is heated electrically, and a thermostat keeps the outer surface temperature of the pipe constant at 25oC. The emissivity of the outer surface of the pipe is 0.8, and the effective sky temperature is −30oC. Determine the power rating of the electric resistance heater, in kW, that needs to be used. Also, determine the cost of electricity associated with heating the pipe during a 10-h period under the above conditions if the price of electricity is $0.09/kWh. Properties The properties of air at 1 atm and the film temperature of (Ts+T∞)/2 = (25+0)/2 = 12.5°C are: k = 0.02458 W/m.oC, ν = 1.448x10-5 m2/s, Pr = 0.7330Consider a 50-cm-diameter and 95-cm-long hot water tank. The tank is placed on the roof ofa house. The water inside the tank is heated to 80℃ by a flat-plate solar collector during theday. The tank is then exposed to windy air at 18℃ with an average velocity of 40 km/h duringthe night. Estimate the temperature of the tank after a 45-min period. Assume the tank surfaceto be at the same temperature as the water inside, and the heat transfer coefficient on the topand bottom surfaces to be the same as that on the side surface. Evaluate the air properties at50℃. (Answer: 69.9 ℃)
- How can we use the transient temperature charts when the surface temperature of the geometry is specified instead of the temperature of the surrounding medium and the convection heat transfer coefficient?A hot fluid (kfluid = 0.72 W/m∙K) is flowing as a laminar fully-developed flow inside a pipe with an inner diameter of 35 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm. The pipe is 10 m long and the outer surface is exposed to air at 10°C. The average temperature difference between the hot fluid and the pipe inner surface is ΔTavg = 10°C, and the inner and outer surface temperatures are constant. Determine the outer surface temperature of the pipe. Evaluate the air properties at 50°C. Is this a good assumption? i saw an answer on this site but I don't get why in the inner heat transfer coefficient he didn't calculate nustle number he just used 3.66 can you please clarifyAir is flowing in parallel over the upper surface of a flat plate with a length of 4m. The first half of the plate length, from the leading edge, has a constant surface temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. The second half of the plate length is subjected to a uniform heat flux of 86 W/m2. The air has a free stream velocity and temperature of 2 m/s and 10 degrees Celsius, respectively. Determine the local convection heat transfer coefficients at 1 m and 3 m from the leading edge. Evaluate the air properties at a film temperature of 30 degrees Celsius. Is the film temperature Tf=30 degrees Celsius applicable at x = 3 m?