a) Ammonia gas reacts with oxygen gas to yield nitrogen gas and liquid water. b) Tetraphosphorous decaoxide is a white crystalline solid reacts with water at room temperature to yield hydrogen phosphate solution (aka phosphoric acid). c) At room temperature aluminum metal reacts with hydrogen bromide solution (aka hydrobromic acid) to yield aluminum bromide solution and hydrogen gas. d) Calcium hypobromite solution is mixed with potassium phosphate solution to yield potassium hypobromite solution and a white precipitate of calcium phosphate. Notice that in this example you don't need to balance phosphorus, bromine and oxygen atoms individually. Because phosphate and hypobromite ions appear on both sides of the equation when balancing the equation for such reactions (they called double displacement reactions) you should treat all polyatomic ions as single items. 2
a) Ammonia gas reacts with oxygen gas to yield nitrogen gas and liquid water. b) Tetraphosphorous decaoxide is a white crystalline solid reacts with water at room temperature to yield hydrogen phosphate solution (aka phosphoric acid). c) At room temperature aluminum metal reacts with hydrogen bromide solution (aka hydrobromic acid) to yield aluminum bromide solution and hydrogen gas. d) Calcium hypobromite solution is mixed with potassium phosphate solution to yield potassium hypobromite solution and a white precipitate of calcium phosphate. Notice that in this example you don't need to balance phosphorus, bromine and oxygen atoms individually. Because phosphate and hypobromite ions appear on both sides of the equation when balancing the equation for such reactions (they called double displacement reactions) you should treat all polyatomic ions as single items. 2
a) Ammonia gas reacts with oxygen gas to yield nitrogen gas and liquid water. b) Tetraphosphorous decaoxide is a white crystalline solid reacts with water at room temperature to yield hydrogen phosphate solution (aka phosphoric acid). c) At room temperature aluminum metal reacts with hydrogen bromide solution (aka hydrobromic acid) to yield aluminum bromide solution and hydrogen gas. d) Calcium hypobromite solution is mixed with potassium phosphate solution to yield potassium hypobromite solution and a white precipitate of calcium phosphate. Notice that in this example you don't need to balance phosphorus, bromine and oxygen atoms individually. Because phosphate and hypobromite ions appear on both sides of the equation when balancing the equation for such reactions (they called double displacement reactions) you should treat all polyatomic ions as single items. 2
How can we learn about balancing chemical reactions?
Transcribed Image Text:General Chemistry 1
Workshop 4: The Chemical Equation and Bond Energy
Part I. Balancing Chemical Equations
Balancing chemical equations is a fundamental idea that you need to get very good at. Often when
you are tasked with solving a problem in chemistry you need to start by writing and balancing the
corresponding chemical equation. There are two skills required to write balanced chemical
equations (1) being able to write down the correct chemical formulas for reactants and products,
and (2) being able to balance the reaction by counting the atoms (or groups of atoms, like
polyatomic ions) on either side of the equation.
At the end of the day we want to balance chemical equations so that we can determine the relative
ratios between reactants and products. From there you can determine, for example, how much
product can be made in a chemical reaction.
1. To begin let's practice writing and balancing some relatively simple chemical equations.
Write and balance the following reactions. Designate the state of matter of each chemical by
abbreviation in parenthesis: (s) for solid, (1) for liquid, (g) for gas, and (aq) for aqueous solution -
solution in water. Notice that if we say "solution" in general chemistry we always mean "aqueous
solution."
a) Ammonia gas reacts with oxygen gas to yield nitrogen gas and liquid water.
b) Tetraphosphorous decaoxide is a white crystalline solid reacts with water at room temperature
to yield hydrogen phosphate solution (aka phosphoric acid).
c) At room temperature aluminum metal reacts with hydrogen bromide solution (aka
hydrobromic acid) to yield aluminum bromide solution and hydrogen gas.
d) Calcium hypobromite solution is mixed with potassium phosphate solution to yield potassium
hypobromite solution and a white precipitate of calcium phosphate.
Notice that in this example you don't need to balance phosphorus, bromine and oxygen atoms
individually. Because phosphate and hypobromite ions appear on both sides of the equation
when balancing the equation for such reactions (they called double displacement reactions) you
should treat all polyatomic ions as single items.
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Definition Definition Transformation of a chemical species into another chemical species. A chemical reaction consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new ones by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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