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- The ability of humans to taste the bitter chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is a genetic trait. People with at least one copy of the normal, dominant allele of the PTC gene can taste PTC; those who are homozygous for a mutant, recessive allele cannot taste it. Could two parents able to taste PTC have a nontaster child? Could nontaster parents have a child able to taste PTC? A pair of taster parents, both of whom had one parent able to taste PTC and one nontaster parent, are expecting their first child. What is the chance that the child will be able to taste PTC? Unable to taste PTC? Suppose the first child is a nontaster. What is the chance that their second child will also be unable to taste PTC?In peas, the allele Le produces tall plants and the allele le produces dwarf plants. The Le allele is dominant to le. If a tall plant is crossed with a dwarf, the offspring are distributed about equally between tall and dwarf plants. What are the genotypes of the parents?Another gene in Drosophila determines wing length. The dominant wild-type allele of this gene produces long wings; a recessive allele produces vestigial (short) wings. A female that is true- breeding for red eyes and long wings is mated with a male that has purple eyes and vestigial wings. F1 females are then crossed with purple-eyed, vestigial-winged males. From this second cross, a total of 600 offspring are obtained with the following combinations of traits: 252 with red eyes and long wings 276 with purple eyes and vestigial wings 42 with red eyes and vestigial wings 30 with purple eyes and long wings Are the genes linked, unlinked, or sex-linked? If they are linked, how many map units separate them on the chromosome?
- The following pedigree shows the pattern of inheritance of red green color blindness in a family. Females are shown as circles and males as squares; the squares or circles of individuals affected by the trait are filled in red. What is the chance that a son of the third-generation female indicated by the arrow will be color-blind if the father is a normal man? If the father is color-blind?4. The flowers of 4 o’clock plants may be red, pink or white. Reds crossed to whites only produced pink offspring. When pink flowered plants were crossed with each other, they produced 113 red, 129 white, and 242 pink. It is hypothesized that these colors are controlled by a single gene pair of incompletely dominant alleles. Is this hypothesis acceptable on the basis of a Chi-square test? Show your solutions below. Chi computed value: ________ Degree of freedom: _________ (at α = 0.05) Chi tabulated value: ________1. In Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) experiment, if we are going to cross male and female red-eyed fruit flies, we have the resulting offspring ratio of 50% red-eyed for female, 25 % for red-eyed male and 25% for white-eyed male. Females which are either homozygous or heterozygous for a trait still expressed eye redness whereas males can easily be affected. Why is this so? a. Females are the carriers of a gene for eye redness b. Y chromosome is responsible for red eyes in fruit flies, c. The gene for eye redness is an X-link dominant trait, d. Having a red-eyed trait is dominantly expressed by females
- 1) Perception of a bitter taste from phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) is dominant (T) to not being able to taste PTC. Albinism is recessive to normal pigmentation (A). The genes controlling these traits are on separate chromosomes. a. A normally pigmented woman who cannot taste PTC has a father who is an albino taster, marries a many homozygous for normal pigmentation who is a PTC taster, but whose mother did not taste PTC. What are the genotypes of the woman and man listed here? b. Assuming the man and woman in the above section have children, what percentage of these children will be albino? c. What percentage of these children will have the same phenotype as their mother?Genes A, B, C, D, and E are independently assorting. The dominant alleles A, B, C and D encode enzymes that catalyse the corresponding reactions indicated above. The recessive alleles a, b, c and d are non-functional and do not produce active enzymes. The dominant E allele totally inhibits the action of gene C, while the recessive allele e has no effect. a) Determine the F1 and F2 phenotypes from a cross between AAbbCCDDEE and AABBCCDDee plants. b) What proportion of the offspring of an AaBBCCDdEe x AaBBCcDdEe cross is expected to have coloured flowers?1) By convention, the recessive trait will determine the abbreviation used to track crosses if it is a mutant condition, since it stands out in contrast to the rest of the population. For example, if pea pods are typically green in color, a mutant condition might result in yellow pea pods; therefore, the lowercase letter ‘y’ would be used to depict the mutant state, yellow, while uppercase ‘Y’ would depict the wildtype (wt) condition, green. Remember that the mutant condition is not necessarily always recessive. 1 A) . If green is dominant wt (Y) and yellow is a recessive mutant condition (y), depict a Yy father mated with a YY mother in the Punnett. 1B) Considering the dominant allele, what colors are the parents in the cross above? Yy = _____________________ YY = _____________________ 1C) What colors are the offspring in the cross above? 1D) What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring? 1E) What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring? (Remember, the genotypic ratio is based…
- 1. A mutant allele in persons with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) causes death due to a lack of liver receptors for LDL. Susceptible persons have half the normal number of receptors, while other individuals have the normal number of receptors. In a phenotypically normal couple, the man had a female 1st cousin (on his father’s side) who died from FH; the woman had a maternal uncle with FH. Using standard symbols, draw a pedigree of these couple’s families. Write the genotypes of each family member. Indicate your legend for symbols used.4. Summer squash color depends on the interaction between two genes. One gene (B) inhibits the production ofcolor at another gene (A). If the production of color is not inhibited, then big “A” will produce yellow pigment,while little “a” produces green. Two white squash plants that are heterozygous for both genes are crossed.a. What type of inheritance is this?b. Complete the cross above. Identify what genotypes are white, yellow, and green. Include the expectedphenotypic ratio (white:yellow:green).1. A new species of animal called the rekamriliob has been found in the wild. The lab you work in has been tasked with studying its genetics. So far, there have been 2 main phenotypes found in the wild. Through selective breeding, your lab has determined that the gene for purple color (P) is dominant to the gene for golden color (p). Another lab has determined that the thick limb trait is dominant to the thin limb variety. If you breed a purebred purple thick limbed rekamreliob male with a golden thin limbed female, you get 100% thick limed offspring that are purple in color. If you take two of these organisms and breed them together, please predict the following. Assume that rekameliobs lay an average of 32 eggs. The gametes produced if the genes are unlinked b. genes The expected numbers of the possible phenotype in the offspring with unlinked The gametes produced if the genes are linked (list all possibilities, and show which ones are the result of crossing over) d. List the…