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- which is the most preferred level of individual’s choice for public expenditure relating it with individual’s utility dependence, by considering three different groups? also draw the graph and intrepret it.A consumer has utility u(x,y,z)= ln(x) + 2ln(y) + 3ln(z) over the three goods, x,y and z and pZ = 1 . Optimally sheconsumes 30 units of z. What is her income? How much money does she spend on x?(HINT: MUX =??, MUY =??, MUZ =??and remember the “equivalent bang for the buck” condition)(b) Forget about (a). Suppose you have t = 29 hours in total to spend on 3 projects X, Y and Z to make some money.If you spend x hours on project X, you make 2√? dollars;If you spend y hours on project Y, you make ?√? dollars;If you spend z hours on project Z, you make ?√? dollars;Writing down your “utility function” u(x,y,z) and the constraint, solve the utility maximization problem; what isthe optimal amount of time to spend on x ? on y? on z ?During any year, I can consume any amount that doesnot exceed my current wealth. If I consume c dollars duringa year, I earn ca units of happiness. By the beginning of thenext year, the previous year’s ending wealth grows by afactor k.a Formulate a recursion that can be used to maximizetotal utility earned during the next T years. Assume Ioriginally have w0 dollars.b Let ft(w) be the maximum utility earned during years t, t 1, . . . , T, given that I have w dollars at the be-ginning of year t; and ct(w) be the amount that should be consumed during year t to attain ft(w). By workingbackward, show that for appropriately chosen constantsat and bt,ft(w) btwa and ct(w) atwInterpret these results.
- 3. Suppose we are in a society where the social rate of time preference is 5% per year. The discount rate of utility is 3.5% per year, and the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption is 1.25. A. What is the assumed growth rate of future consumption under this scenario? B. Now assume the social rate of time preference changes to 10% while all else stays the same. What is the assumed new growth rate of future consumption? C. What does a SRTP of 5% mean compared to a SRTP of 10%? D. Why does the growth rate of future consumption change from one scenario to the other? Answer C & D3. Suppose we are in a society where the social rate of time preference is 5% per year. The discount rate of utility is 3.5% per year, and the elasticity of marginal utility of consumption is 1.25. A. What is the assumed growth rate of future consumption under this scenario? B. Now assume the social rate of time preference changes to 10% while all else stays the same. What is the assumed new growth rate of future consumption? C. What does a SRTP of 5% mean compared to a SRTP of 10%? D. Why does the growth rate of future consumption change from one scenario to the other? ( If you Answer allow the above I will upvot definitely . ) Thank you22. Peanut butter (PB) sells for 10 dollars per pound and Oysters (O) sell for 50 dollars perpound. Suppose Pat buys 5 pounds of peanut butter and one pound of oysters each month.With this consumption bundle, his MRSP B,O = 3. Which of the following is true (assumingPat’s preferences satisfy all the basic assumptions of consumer theory)?(a) Pat could increase his utility by buying more oysters and less peanut butter.(b) Pat could increase his utility by buying more peanut butter and less oysters.(c) Pat could increase his utility by buying more peanut butter and more oysters.(d) Pat could increase his utility by buying less peanut butter and less oysters.
- A consumer has utility u(x,y) = x^4 y^2 where x is this year’s consumption, and y is next year’s consumption. She makes 600 dollars income this year and 720 dollars income the next year. There is also a bank where she can borrow money at the interest rate r=%50 and lend money (to the bank) at the interest rate r=%20 (of course, she will decide to borrow or lend this year and pay off her debt or receive her savings the next year). a. Should she borrow money from or lend to the bank this year? How much b. If her utility were u(x,y) = xy2 instead, re-solving (a), would she borrow money or lend? How much? c. If her utility were u(x,y) = x^c y^2, what should “c” be so that she ends up neither borrowing nor lending?5. A consumer buys only two goods, X and Y. No other goods exist and there is no possibility of saving. The marginal utility of X is independent of the quantity of Y consumed, and the marginal utility of Y is independent of the quantity of X consumed. MUX is constant no matter how he consumes, but MUY falls as consumption increases. In the initial equilibrium he consumes one of each good. How much can you infer about the following:a.) The slope of the indifference curveb.) The curvature of the indifference curvec.) Whether the marginal utility of money is constant, rising, or falling as money income increases.d.) the income elasticity of demand for Ye.) The price elasticity of demand for X.Eren’s two main hobbies are taking vacations overseas (V) and eating expensive meals (M). His utility function is given as: U(V,M) = V^2MLast year, the average price of taking a vacation overseas was US$200 and the average price of an expensive meal is $50. However, due to supply problems in Onions, the average price of an expensive meal rose to $75. The average price of a vacation did not change. His income, which is $1500, did not change. Suppose that the Department of Welfare wants to know how much should be given to Eren to offset his change un utility due to the price increase of an expensive meal. Calculate the compensative variation (CV).
- Given the utility function: U = ln c + l + ln c’ + l’ and the budget constraint: w(ℎ−l)+(w′(ℎ−l′))/(1+r)=c+(c′)/(1+r) (see pictures of function and constraint) where c = current consumption, c' = future consumption, l = current leisure, l' = future leisure, and r is the market interest rate.Suppose that the current wage, w = 20 and the future wage w' = 22. a) What is the optimal value of current consumption, c? b) What is the optimal valueof future consumption, c’*?18. Declining MRSXY implies that:(a) The total utility is decreasing along an indifference curve(b) The consumer’s preferences do not satisfy the more-is-better principle(c) The consumer is willing to give up more and more X for additional Y as the consumption of X increases along an indifference curve(d) The consumer is willing to give up less and less X for additional Y as the consumptionof X increases along an indifference curveConsider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and moves up the corporate ladder in period 2 (and gets income Y1 < Y2). This consumer has the usual preferences over time: u(C1) + βu(C2) 1. Assume this consumer cannot borrow. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Show the corresponding utility curve. 2. Assume that now the consumer is allowed to save or borrow. Write down the new budget constraint. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Could the consumer be worse off? Could the consumer be better off? Draw budget constraints such that for one of them consumer prefers to borrow and for the other - prefers to save. 3. Assume once again that a consumer cannot borrow, but can borrow and immediately sell some MacGuffins, and in the next period, the consumer must buy back the MacGuffins to return to the lender. Assume that MacGuffin t r a d e s a t P1 > 0 in the first period…