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- which of the following individuals is likely to be excluded from a clinical trial? a-individual with other diseases besides the disease of interest b-an individual whose data is considered to be an outlier c-an individual of who is considered to be a minority d-an individual who will have difficulty complying trial protocols.1. The authors of the paper "Serum Zinc Levels of Cord Blood: Relation to Birth Weight and Gestational Period"† carried out a study of zinc levels of low-birth-weight babies and normal-birth-weight babies. For a sample of 50 low-birth-weight babies, the sample mean zinc level was 17.00 and the standard error s n was 0.43. For a sample of 73 normal-birth-weight babies, the sample mean zinc level was 18.16 and the standard error was 0.32. Explain why the two standard errors are not the same. The two standard errors are not the same since the formula for standard error has sample size in the (DENOMINATOR/NUMERATOR) . The sample size for normal birth weight babies is (SMALLER/LARGER) than the sample size for low-birth weight babies, which result in (SMALLER/LARGER) values for the standard error, which would explain the difference in the two standard errors.3) A firm in Lebanon has developed a chemical solution that can be added to car gasolinewhich they believe will increase the miles per gallon that cars will get. The owners areinterested in estimating the difference between mean mpg for cars using the chemicalsolution versus those that are not using the solution. The following data represent the mpgfor independent random samples of cars from each population.with Solution without Solution______________________________n1 = 36 n2 = 42 x1 = 25.45 x2 = 24.1 _______________________________Assume that the populations are normally distributed and the population standarddeviations are known to be σ1 = 3.95 (with solution) and σ2 = 3.09 (without solution).Given this data, can the owners believe that there is a difference between mean mpg forcars using the chemical solution versus those that are not using the solution? Test using analpha level equal to 0.05.4) Given the following null and alternative hypothesis:H0: σ 2 ≤ 52HA : σ 2 > 52and the…
- In which of the preceding cases would it be least likely that a test of controls will need to be performed? A) Tolerable deviation rate surpasses the expected deviation rate B) Planned assessed level of control risk sits slightly lower than the maximum C) Expected deviation rate surpasses the risk of assessing control risk too low D) The risk of assessing control risk too low is surpassed by the tolerable deviation rate.2.1 The operations manager of a motor vehicle accessories firm with branches in Limpopo and Durban wants to establish whether their Limpopo branch is performing better than their Durban branch in terms of the average size of orders received. Both branches have been operating for only one year. A random sample of 31 orders from the Limpopo branch had an average value of R355.20 with a standard deviation equal to R151.50. Orders received by the Durban branch of the firm were also randomly sampled. The average of the 35 orders sampled was R265.60 with a sample standard deviation of R162.20. Can the operations manager conclude, at the 3% significance level, that the Limpopo branch is performing better than the Durban branch? Show the null and alternative hypotheses for the test and draw the appropriate conclusion. Compute the p-value.To evaluate the effect of a treatment, a sample is obtained from a population with a mean of μ = 25, and the treatment is administered to the individuals in the sample. After treatment, the sample mean is found to be M= 27.4 with SS = 64. If the sample consists of 9 individuals, what is the t statistic, and are the data sufficient to conclude that the treatment has a significant effect using a two-tailed test with α = .05?