A finely divided solids feed, F, of 150 kg/h, containing 1/3 watersoluble Na2CO3 and 2/3 insoluble ash is to be leached and washed at 30oC in a two-stage, countercurrent system with 400 kg/h of water. The leaching stage consists of an agitated vessel that discharges slurry into a thickener. The washing stage consists of a second thickener. Experiments show that the sludge underflow from each thickener will contain 2 kg of liquid (water and carbonate) per kg of insoluble ash. Assuming ideal stages: (a) Calculate the % recovery of carbonate in the final extract. (b) If a third stage is added, calculate the additional carbonate recovered.

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