A group of researchers were tasked to design and fabricate different synthetic cell membranes that could be used to simulate cellular activities of certain organisms. Below are the chemical structures of the compounds that are available to them: Нас — он но stearic acid нс —он .C. но H2C-OH linoleic acid glycerol OH но To -p-OH NH2 sphingosine orthophosphate CH2OH но H3N-CH-coo но. Он CH2OH он serine glucose Assemblethe structure of the major lipid component for a cell membrane appropriate to study the following and briefly explain your answer: (Draw the structure) a. aprokaryoticcell thriving in ageyser at the Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, USA b. a muscle cell of a salmon fry in the Arctic Ocean c. afrogneurocyte
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Draw the most appropriate structure of the cell membrane for each conditions then, provide a brief explanation why those components are chosen.
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- An artificial cell consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in a selectively permeable membrane (but with no cell wall) is immersed in a beaker containing an aqueous solution. The outside environment concentration consists of 0.01 M glucose and the inside of the cell has a concentration of 5.0 M glucose. The plasma membrane is permeable to water and monosaccharides, but impermeable to the disaccharides. Complete the following for the image below: Is the glucose going down or against its concentration gradient? Is the movement of the solute in the cell going out of the cell? Down...Yes Down...No Against...Yes Against...NoThe structural elucidation of cellular proteins will help to better understand cell physiology. This can be achieved by a. Subcellular fractionation & ion exchange chromatography b. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis & nuclear magnetic resonance c. Ion exchange chromatography & polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis d. Nuclear magnetic resonance & X-ray crystallographyAn artificial cell consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in a selectively permeable membrane (but with no cell wall) is immersed in a beaker containing an aqueous solution. The outside environment concentration consists of 0.01 M glucose and the inside of the cell has a concentration of 5.0 M glucose. The plasma membrane is permeable to water and monosaccharides, but impermeable to the disaccharides. Complete the following for the image below: Will the artificial cell become lyse, shrivel, or stay the same? lyse shrivel stay the same
- Cell membranes consists mainly of ________ and ________ . a. lipids; carbohydrates c. lipids; phospholipids b. phospholipids; protein d. phospholipids; ECMAn artificial cell consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in a selectively permeable membrane (but with no cell wall) is immersed in a beaker containing an aqueous solution. The outside environment concentration consists of 0.01 M glucose and the inside of the cell has a concentration of 5.0 M glucose. The plasma membrane is permeable to water and monosaccharides, but impermeable to the disaccharides. Complete the following for the image below: Is the solution inside the cell isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic? Is the glucose going down or against its concentration gradient? Draw solid arrow to indicate the movement of the solute into or out of the cell. Draw a dashed arrow to show the movement of water. Will the artificial cell become lyse, shrivel, or stay the same?Which of the following statements are acceptable and why? [Whereas all the carbohydrate in the plasma membrane faces outward on the external surface of the cell, all the carbohydrate on internal membranes faces toward the cytosol.] [Although lipid molecules are free to diffuse in the plane of the bilayer, they cannot flip-flop across the bilayer unless enzyme catalysts called phospholipid translocators are present in the membrane.]
- Which of the following organelles and molecular complexes carries out catabolic reactions as one of its main functions? a. ribosomes b. rough endoplasmic reticulum c. chloroplasts d. Golgi complex e. lysosomesA) The size of a cell seen under a microscope is 3mm Using a total magnification of 40x. What is the actual cell size and decide if the cell is prokaryote or eukaryote based on its size?4948: Which of the following statements best describes how substances are transported across a membrane against their concentration gradient? Some membrane proteins act as channels for specific molecules to enter the cell. The plasma membrane is permeable to all small molecules. Some membrane proteins are ATP-dependent carrier molecules. The plasma membrane is fully hydrophobic. Even though humans are approximately 99.9 % identical in their genetic makeup, an incredible amount of variation is seen among individuals of the species. This genetic variation is greatly influenced by the process of meiosis. Based on the following events that occur during meiosis, which contributes most to genetic diversity in the human population? Condensation of chromatin during meiosis I Recombination between homologous chromatids during meiosis I Alignment of sister chromatids at the metaphase plate during meiosis II Separation of sister chromatids during…
- Which of the following statements are correct about how the complex biological matrix of the cell may affect protein folding, stability and function (select all that appy)? A. ATP tends to "bounce" along the surfaces of many proteins without forming a stable complex B. Proteins make up approximately 30% of the total volume of the cytoplasm in a typical cell C. Compettition between drug molecules and metabolites in the cytoplasm may cause unexpected drug side effects not seen with individual proteins in solution. D. Large protein complexes move faster through the cytoplasm than small metabolites. E. Complex intercations between proteins in the cell may significantly destabilize a protein compared to the isolated protein in waterWhich of the following techniques can be applied to fractionate intracellular compartments? a. Subcellular fractionation & density gradient equilibrium centrifugation b. Density gradient equilibrium centrifugation & ion exchange chromatography c. Subcellular fractionation, density gradient equilibrium centrifugation & ion exchange chromatography d. Subcellular fractionation & ion exchange chromatographyAmmonia (NH3) is a weak base that under acidic conditions becomes protonated to the ammonium ion in the following reaction: NH3 + H+ → NH+4 NH3 freely permeates biological membranes, including those of lysosomes. The lysosome is a subcellular organelle with a pH of about 4.5–5.0; the pH of cytoplasm is about 7.0. What is the effect on the pH of the fluid content of lyso- somes when cells are exposed to ammonia? Note: Ammo- nium (NH4+) does not diffuse freely across membranes.