Pavan A manufacturer of kitchen appliances is preparing to set the price on a new blender. Demand is thought to depend on the price and is represented by the model D = 3,000-3P. Theaccounting department estimates that the total costs can be represented by C= 4,000 + 2D. Develop a model for the total profit. Implement the model on a spreadsheet and usenonlinear optimization with Solver to find the price that maximizes profit.The price that maximizes profit is P = $47.81(Round to the nearest cent as needed.)

Total cost is the sum of a fixed cost and a variable cost that helps cover the goods and services…

Answered: A manufacturer of kitchen appliances is…

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter7: Nonlinear Optimization Models

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 47P: Another way to derive a demand function is to break the market into segments and identify a low...

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Another way to derive a demand function is to break the market into segments and identify a low price, a medium price, and a high price. For each of these prices and market segments, we ask company experts to estimate product demand. Then we use Excels trend curve fitting capabilities to fit a quadratic function that represents that segments demand function. Finally, we add the segment demand curves to derive an aggregate demand curve. Try this procedure for pricing a candy bar. Assume the candy bar costs 0.55 to produce. The company plans to charge between 1.10 and 1.50 for this candy bar. Its marketing department estimates the demands shown in the file P07_47.xlsx (in thousands) in the three regions of the country where the candy bar will be sold. What is the profit-maximizing price, assuming that the same price will be charged in all three regions?
The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin must decide how many footballs to produce each month. The company has decided to use a six-month planning horizon. The forecasted monthly demands for the next six months are 10,000, 15,000, 30,000, 35,000, 25,000, and 10,000. Pigskin wants to meet these demands on time, knowing that it currently has 5000 footballs in inventory and that it can use a given months production to help meet the demand for that month. (For simplicity, we assume that production occurs during the month, and demand occurs at the end of the month.) During each month there is enough production capacity to produce up to 30,000 footballs, and there is enough storage capacity to store up to 10,000 footballs at the end of the month, after demand has occurred. The forecasted production costs per football for the next six months are 12.50, 12.55, 12.70, 12.80, 12.85, and 12.95, respectively. The holding cost incurred per football held in inventory at the end of any month is 5% of the production cost for that month. (This cost includes the cost of storage and also the cost of money tied up in inventory.) The selling price for footballs is not considered relevant to the production decision because Pigskin will satisfy all customer demand exactly when it occursat whatever the selling price is. Therefore. Pigskin wants to determine the production schedule that minimizes the total production and holding costs. Can you guess the results of a sensitivity analysis on the initial inventory in the Pigskin model? See if your guess is correct by using SolverTable and allowing the initial inventory to vary from 0 to 10,000 in increments of 1000. Keep track of the values in the decision variable cells and the objective cell.
The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin must decide how many footballs to produce each month. The company has decided to use a six-month planning horizon. The forecasted monthly demands for the next six months are 10,000, 15,000, 30,000, 35,000, 25,000, and 10,000. Pigskin wants to meet these demands on time, knowing that it currently has 5000 footballs in inventory and that it can use a given months production to help meet the demand for that month. (For simplicity, we assume that production occurs during the month, and demand occurs at the end of the month.) During each month there is enough production capacity to produce up to 30,000 footballs, and there is enough storage capacity to store up to 10,000 footballs at the end of the month, after demand has occurred. The forecasted production costs per football for the next six months are 12.50, 12.55, 12.70, 12.80, 12.85, and 12.95, respectively. The holding cost incurred per football held in inventory at the end of any month is 5% of the production cost for that month. (This cost includes the cost of storage and also the cost of money tied up in inventory.) The selling price for footballs is not considered relevant to the production decision because Pigskin will satisfy all customer demand exactly when it occursat whatever the selling price is. Therefore. Pigskin wants to determine the production schedule that minimizes the total production and holding costs. As indicated by the algebraic formulation of the Pigskin model, there is no real need to calculate inventory on hand after production and constrain it to be greater than or equal to demand. An alternative is to calculate ending inventory directly and constrain it to be nonnegative. Modify the current spreadsheet model to do this. (Delete rows 16 and 17, and calculate ending inventory appropriately. Then add an explicit non-negativity constraint on ending inventory.)
The Pigskin Company produces footballs. Pigskin must decide how many footballs to produce each month. The company has decided to use a six-month planning horizon. The forecasted monthly demands for the next six months are 10,000, 15,000, 30,000, 35,000, 25,000, and 10,000. Pigskin wants to meet these demands on time, knowing that it currently has 5000 footballs in inventory and that it can use a given months production to help meet the demand for that month. (For simplicity, we assume that production occurs during the month, and demand occurs at the end of the month.) During each month there is enough production capacity to produce up to 30,000 footballs, and there is enough storage capacity to store up to 10,000 footballs at the end of the month, after demand has occurred. The forecasted production costs per football for the next six months are 12.50, 12.55, 12.70, 12.80, 12.85, and 12.95, respectively. The holding cost incurred per football held in inventory at the end of any month is 5% of the production cost for that month. (This cost includes the cost of storage and also the cost of money tied up in inventory.) The selling price for footballs is not considered relevant to the production decision because Pigskin will satisfy all customer demand exactly when it occursat whatever the selling price is. Therefore. Pigskin wants to determine the production schedule that minimizes the total production and holding costs. Modify the Pigskin model so that there are eight months in the planning horizon. You can make up reasonable values for any extra required data. Dont forget to modify range names. Then modify the model again so that there are only four months in the planning horizon. Do either of these modifications change the optima] production quantity in month 1?
In Problem 12 of the previous section, suppose that the demand for cars is normally distributed with mean 100 and standard deviation 15. Use @RISK to determine the best order quantityin this case, the one with the largest mean profit. Using the statistics and/or graphs from @RISK, discuss whether this order quantity would be considered best by the car dealer. (The point is that a decision maker can use more than just mean profit in making a decision.)
A firm is considering importing some products to sell in a local market. The unit price and cost for product i are p; and Cį, respectively. While the prices may be determined by the firm, the costs are given and fixed. For product i, the demand volume is Aį – Bipi, where A; and Bi are all given. The amount of budget that may be used to purchase all products is K. The demand volume may be fractional. Formulate a mathematical program that can find a purchasing plan that maximizes the firm's profit. Determine whether your program is an LP, IP, or NLP.
A company produces and sells luxury goods and is able to control the demand for the product by varying the selling price. The relationship between price and demand is found to be p = 10 − 42 D2 + 2D where p is the price per unit in million dollars and D is the demand per year. The company is seeking to maximize its profit. The fixed cost is $59 million per year and the variable cost is $25 million per unit. The production capacity is 42 units per year, and the company produces at least 1 unit per month. a) Derive how to find the number of units that should be produced annually to maximize profit. b) What is the maximum profit per year? c) What is the annual breakeven point? d) What is the company’s range of profitable output per year?
The management of the Keribels Company wishes to apply the Miller-Orr model to manage its cash investments. They have determined that the cost of either investing in or selling marketable securities is P 100. By looking at the Keribels Company’s past cash needs, they have determined that the variance of daily cash flow is P 75,000. Keribels Company’s opportunity cost of cash per day is 0.05%. Based on their experience the cash balance should not fall below P 50,000. WHAT IS THE LOWER LIMIT?
The management of the Keribels Company wishes to apply the Miller-Orr model to manage its cash investments. They have determined that the cost of either investing in or selling marketable securities is P 100. By looking at the Keribels Company’s past cash needs, they have determined that the variance of daily cash flow is P 75,000. Keribels Company’s opportunity cost of cash per day is 0.05%. Based on their experience the cash balance should not fall below P 50,000. WHAT IS THE RETURN POINT?
Select the best statement if we consider the following situation: The right-hand side of a particular constraint is 30. Applying sensitivity analysis to the LP model shows that the shadow price is 1.2 and an allowable increase of 15 and allowable decrease of 10. 1.If 20≤RHS≤45, the change in the objective function value will be 1.2 times the difference between the new value and 30. 2.If 10≤RHS≤15, the change in the objective function value will be 1.2 times the difference between the new value and 30. 3.The objective function value will increase. 4.The objective function value will decrease.
A market analyst working for a small appliance manufacturer finds that if the firm produces and sells x blenders annually, a model for the total profit (in dollars) is P(x) = 8x + 0.3x2 − 0.001x3 − 372. Graph the function P in an appropriate viewing rectangle, and use the graph to answer the following questions. (a) When just a few blenders are manufactured, the firm loses money (profit is negative). (For example, P(10) = −263, so the firm loses $263.00 if it produces and sells only 10 blenders.) How many blenders must the firm produce to break even? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.) blenders(b) Does profit increase indefinitely as more blenders are produced and sold? YesNo If not, what is the largest possible profit the firm could have? (If profit increases indefinitely, enter your answer as ∞. Otherwise, round your answer to the nearest cent.)
A company manufactures two products. If it chargesprice pi for product i, it can sell qi units of product i,where q1 = 60 - 3p1 + p2 and q2 = 80 - 2p2 + p1. Itcosts $5 to produce a unit of product 1 and $12 to produce a unit of product 2. How many units of eachproduct should the company produce, and what pricesshould it charge, to maximize its profit? Use spreadsheet modelling in Excel

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