A new enzyme (protein) that helps protect a bacterial cell from reactive oxygen species (causing oxidative stress) has been discovered. It can be expected that the gene that codes for this enzyme will be expressed in phase of growth. order to make the enzyme in the O lag Not very likely. They just got transferred to fresh new medium, how much stress can they be under? O stationary O late log O log

A new enzyme (protein) that helps protect a bacterial cell from reactive oxygen species (causing oxidative stress) has been discovered. It can be expected that the gene that codes for this enzyme will be expressed in phase of growth. order to make the enzyme in the O lag Not very likely. They just got transferred to fresh new medium, how much stress can they be under? O stationary O late log O log

Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies (MindTap Course List)

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305964792

Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy Correa

Publisher:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy Correa

Chapter42: Basic Microbiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2CR

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You are a technician working in a microbiology lab. You grow two bacteria cultures, Bug A and Bug B, for two purposes: You want to harvest lactic acid for sports drinks from Bug A. You want to harvest antibiotics from Bug B for the pharmaceutical industry. Describe how you would maintain the two cultures, how you might manage their nutrient supply and waste products in order to induce them to produce the desired products. Which stage of the growth curve would you try to keep them in?
According to the Liebig's Law of Minimum, which condition of certain growth factor limits growth of microorganisms? * A. factor in abundance B. factor in optimal C. factor in minimum D. factor in maximum 2. Growth is best when microbes are incubated at ______ level within its tolerance range. * A. minimum B. maximum C. optimum D. magnanimous 3. At what phase of microbial growth when microbial growth and reproduction is fastest? * A. death phase B. log phase C. lag phase D. stationary phase 4. Most human pathogens are ______ with regard to temperature range of tolerance for optimum growth. * A. thermophiles B. mesophiles C. psychrophiles D. xerophiles 5. Which adaptations are developed by thermophiles to withstand extremely high temperature? Check all that apply. * ( ) high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane ( ) high cytosine-guanine nitrogenous bases ( ) more saturated fatty acids in cytoplasmic membrane ( ) heat-stable enzymes
Based on the growth curve, which ONE of the following best describes what would happen if sample of culture in the presence of drug B is inoculated onto drug-free growth medium? Select one: A. Growth present, but cell count increased by at least 99.9% of the original culture B. No growth after 24 hrs C. Growth at 24 hrs D. Not possible to predict because the culture could either be alive or dead E. Growth present, but cell count reduced by at least 99.9% of the original culture
A bacteria having a generation time of 30 minutes will undergo 6 cell division/hr. During 6 hrs of growth, the cells would double 5 times. Beginning with 20 cells/mL at time 0, how many cells would be present at 5 hrs?
Your lab coordinator has decided to grow and maintain a sourdough starter. A sourdough starter is a live, on-going culture of yeast that is grown in flour, water, and a bit of sugar. It is used as an ingredient in some types of bread. Initially when the ingredients were mixed together the mixture appeared dead. After a while, it began to bubble and foam and then it tripled in volume. Eventually it stopped bubbling. Every week it is maintained by "feeding” it fresh flour every week. Over time, it will start to develop a 'sour' taste when it is used to make bread. This is the question Sometimes the starter (which is a living culture) accumulates other species of yeast. How does it accumulcate another species? You have been asked to take this mixed culture and isolate the different species in the starter (which is basically a liquid culture). How will you do it?
When bacteria are grown under adverse conditions, i.e., in the presence of a poison such as an antibiotic, most cells grow and proliferate slowly. But it is not uncommon that the growth rate of a bacterial culture kept in the presence of the poison is restored after a few days to that observed in its absence. suggest why this may be the case.
A 3.0 L batch bioreactor is used to grow E. coli bacteria, which have an initial concentration of 12.5 g cells/L. The growth medium contains two carbon sources, which causes diauxic growth, with each carbon source limiting cell growth. Sufficient supplies of oxygen, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) as a nitrogen source and all other macro and micronutrients are available. The bacteria prefer to grow on glucose (C6H12O6, supplied at 80 g/L), so it is consumed first, followed by glycerol (C3H8O3, supplied at 68 g/L). Since the E. coli were already growing on glucose, the lag time associated with glucose consumption is only 10 minutes. The lag time associated with glycerol consumption is 35 minutes. Further information: The chemical formula for E. coli in this bioreactor is CH1.666N0.20O0.57. The specific growth rate on glucose is 0.41 h-1 , and on glycerol is 0.32 h-1 . The yield of cells on glucose is 0.48 g cells/g glucose, and yield on glycerol is 0.39 g cells/g glycerol. You may assume that…
A 3.0 L batch bioreactor is used to grow E. coli bacteria, which have an initial concentration of 12.5 g cells/L. The growth medium contains two carbon sources, which causes diauxic growth, with each carbon source limiting cell growth. Sufficient supplies of oxygen, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) as a nitrogen source and all other macro and micronutrients are available. The bacteria prefer to grow on glucose (C6H12O6, supplied at 80 g/L), so it is consumed first, followed by glycerol (C3H803, supplied at 68 g/L). Since the E. coli were already growing on glucose, the lag time associated with glucose consumption is only 10 minutes. The lag time associated with glycerol consumption is 35 minutes. Further information: The chemical formula for E. coli in this bioreactor is CH1.666N0.2000.57. The specific growth rate on glucose is 0.41 h-1, and on glycerol is 0.32 h-1?The yield of cells on glucose is 0.48 g cells/g glucose, and yield on glycerol is 0.39 g cells/g glycerol. You may assume that…
A 23 year old woman has 10 E coli in her bladder. The organism has generation time of 20 minutes. After a lag of 20 minutes, the E. coli entered the log phase of growth. After 3 hours, what is the total number of cells?
Most ecosystems on Earth rely on sunlight as the primary energy source for the synthesis of organic compounds that living organisms need. Sunlight does not penetrate deep enough in the ocean to provide energy for organisms living near hydrothermal vents. How can these densely populated communities survive without energy from the sun? A. chemoheterotrophic bacteria convert organic compounds into carbon dioxide which is used by other organisms as an energy source B. chemoautotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities C. chemoheterotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities D. chemoautotrophic bacteria fix nitrogen which then is used as a source of energy for other organisms
Suppose that you were tasked with 4 cultures of a specific Bacteria Species in Luria Broth medium: (1) culture A – cells are in lag phase; (2) culture B – cell in log phase; (3) culture C – cells in stationary phase; and culture D – cells in decline phase. Imagine that you observe the growth rates of each culture in a fresh sterilized LB medium. Now, plot the outcome growth curves of cultures A, B, C and D in a single graph.
THIS IS A MULTIPART QUESTION, PLEASE ANSWER ALL Using the image: 1. How would you categorize this medium? (Living/nonliving, Synthetic/complex, Rich/minimal) Briefly explain your responses. 2. Name the ingredient(s) that match the following nutrients: a. Source(s) of carbon b. Source(s) of nitrogen c. At least one source of minerals d. At least one source of growth factors, if any 3. What about this medium would change if agar were added as an ingredient? 4. Would you expect this medium to be differential, selective, or both? Explain your response.