A Norman window has the shape of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircle. Suppose the outer perimeter of such a window must be 600 cm. In this problem you will find the base length x which will maximize the area of such a window. Use calculus to find an exact answer. When the base length is zero, the area of the window will be zero. There is also a limb on how large x can her when x is large enough, the rectangular portion of the window shrinks down to zero height. What is the exact largest value of x when this occurs?
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A Norman window has the shape of a rectangle surmounted by a semicircle. Suppose the outer perimeter of such a window must be 600 cm. In this problem you will find the base length x which will maximize the area of such a window. Use calculus to find an exact answer. When the base length is zero, the area of the window will be zero. There is also a limb on how large x can her when x is large enough, the rectangular portion of the window shrinks down to zero height. What is the exact largest value of x when this occurs?
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- Let l be a line in the x-yplane. If l is a vertical line, its equation is x = a for some real number a. Suppose l is not a vertical line and its slope is m. Then the equation of l is y = mx + b, where b is the y-intercept. If l passes through the point (x₀, y₀), the equation of l can be written as y - y₀ = m(x - x₀). If (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂) are two points in the x-y plane and x₁ ≠ x₂, the slope of line passing through these points is m = (y₂ - y₁)/(x₂ - x₁). Instructions Write a program that prompts the user for two points in the x-y plane. Input should be entered in the following order: Input x₁ Input y₁ Input x₂Consider the problem of making change for n cents using the fewest number of coins. Assume that we live in a country where coins come in k dierent denominations c1, c2, . . . , ck, such that the coin values are positive integers, k ≥ 1, and c1 = 1, i.e., there are pennies, so there is a solution for every value of n. For example, in case of the US coins, k = 4, c1 = 1, c2 = 5, c3 = 10, c4 = 25, i.e., there are pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters. To give optimal change in the US for n cents, it is sufficient to pick as many quarters as possible, then as many dimes as possible, then as many nickels as possible, and nally give the rest in pennies. Design a bottom-up (non-recursive) O(nk)-time algorithm that makes change for any set of k different coin denominations. Write down the pseudocode and analyze its running time. Argue why your choice of the array and the order in which you fill in the values is the correct one. Notice how it is a lot easier to analyze the running time of…Consider the problem of making change for n cents using the fewest number of coins. Assume that we live in a country where coins come in k dierent denominations c1, c2, . . . , ck, such that the coin values are positive integers, k ≥ 1, and c1 = 1, i.e., there are pennies, so there is a solution for every value of n. For example, in case of the US coins, k = 4, c1 = 1, c2 = 5, c3 = 10, c4 = 25, i.e., there are pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters. To give optimal change in the US for n cents, it is sufficient to pick as many quarters as possible, then as many dimes as possible, then as many nickels as possible, and nally give the rest in pennies. Design a bottom-up (non-recursive) O(nk)-time algorithm that makes change for any set of k different coin denominations. Write down the pseudocode and analyze its running time. Argue why your choice of the array and the order in which you ll in the values is the correct one.
- Consider the problem of making change for n cents using the fewest number of coins. Assume that we live in a country where coins come in k dierent denominations c1, c2, . . . , ck, such that the coin values are positive integers, k ≥ 1, and c1 = 1, i.e., there are pennies, so there is a solution for every value of n. For example, in case of the US coins, k = 4, c1 = 1, c2 = 5, c3 = 10, c4 = 25, i.e., there are pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters. To give optimal change in the US for n cents, it is sufficient to pick as many quarters as possible, then as many dimes as possible, then as many nickels as possible, and nally give the rest in pennies. Prove that the coin changing problem exhibits optimal substructure. Design a recursive backtracking (brute-force) algorithm that returns the minimum number of coins needed to make change for n cents for any set of k different coin denominations. Write down the pseudocode and prove that your algorithm is correct.You are given a grid having N rows and M columns. A grid square can either be blocked or empty. Blocked squares are represented by a '#' and empty squares are represented by '.'. Find the number of ways to tile the grid using L shaped bricks. A L brick has one side of length three units while other of length 2 units. All empty squares in the grid should be covered by exactly one of the L shaped tiles, and blocked squares should not be covered by any tile. The bricks can be used in any orientation (they can be rotated or flipped). Input Format The first line contains the number of test cases T. T test cases follow. Each test case contains N and M on the first line, followed by N lines describing each row of the grid. Constraints 1 <= T <= 501 <= N <= 201 <= M <= 8Each grid square will be either '.' or '#'. Output Format Output the number of ways to tile the grid. Output each answer modulo 1000000007. Sample Input 3 2 4 .... .... 3 3 ...…The shape of a limacon can be defined parametrically as r = r0 + cos θ, x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ. When r0 = 1, this curve is called a cardioid. Use this definition to plot the shape of a limacon for r0 = 0.8, r0 = 1.0, and r0 = 1.2. Be sure to use enough points that the curve is closed and appears smooth (except for the cusp in the cardioid). Use a legend to identify which curve is which. use phyton language import mathimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt%matplotlib inline
- Could we use the ideas of the Closest Pair of Points Algorithm to solve the following problem? Given n points on the plane. Each point pi is defined by its coordinates (xi,yi). It is required to find a triangle (defined by a set of three points) with minimal perimeter. Justify the answer.Simulated annealing is an extension of hill climbing, which uses randomness to avoid getting stuck in local maxima and plateaux. a) As defined in your textbook, simulated annealing returns the current state when the end of the annealing schedule is reached and if the annealing schedule is slow enough. Given that we know the value (measure of goodness) of each state we visit, is there anything smarter we could do? (b) Simulated annealing requires a very small amount of memory, just enough to store two states: the current state and the proposed next state. Suppose we had enough memory to hold two million states. Propose a modification to simulated annealing that makes productive use of the additional memory. In particular, suggest something that will likely perform better than just running simulated annealing a million times consecutively with random restarts. [Note: There are multiple correct answers here.] (c) Gradient ascent search is prone to local optima just like hill climbing.…suppose a computer solves a 100x100 matrix using Gauss elimination with partial pivoting in 1 second, how long will it take to solve a 300x300 matrix using Gauss elimination with partial pivoting on the same computer? and if you have a limit of 100 seconds to solve a matrix of size (N x N) using Gauss elimination with partial pivoting, what is the largest N can you do? show all the steps of the solution
- In a hypothetical study of population dynamics, scientists have been tracking the number of rabbits and foxes on an island. The number of rabbits and foxes are determined once a year using high resolution infrared cameras and advanced computer vision methods.Each year, the number of rabbits and foxes are found to change by the following equations: $$ {\Delta}R = round( kr*R - krf*R*F ) $$ $$ {\Delta}F = round( -kf*F + kfr*R*F ) $$ where $ {\Delta}r $ and $ {\Delta} f $ are the changes in number of rabbits and foxes by the end of that year; and R and F are the population sizes at the end of the previous year. kr, krf, kf, kfr are coefficients that depend on the species of rabbits and foxes.With these dynamics, the scientists realize that one or both species can become extinct on the island. At the end of each year, if there are fewer than 2 animals of a kind, the scientists transfer rabbits and/or foxes to make sure there are at least 2 of each kind.Write a function…Imagine there are N teams competing in a tournament, and that each team plays each of the other teams once. If a tournament were to take place, it should be demonstrated (using an example) that every team would lose to at least one other team in the tournament.Correct answer will be upvoted else Multiple Downvoted. Computer science. Gildong has a square board comprising of n lines and n sections of square cells, each comprising of a solitary digit (from 0 to 9). The cell at the j-th section of the I-th line can be addressed as (i,j), and the length of the side of every cell is 1. Gildong prefers enormous things, so for every digit d, he needs to find a triangle with the end goal that: Every vertex of the triangle is in the focal point of a cell. The digit of each vertex of the triangle is d. Somewhere around one side of the triangle is corresponding to one of the sides of the board. You might expect that a side of length 0 is corresponding to the two sides of the board. The space of the triangle is boosted. Obviously, he can't simply be content with tracking down these triangles with no guarantees. Along these lines, for every digit d, he will change the digit of precisely one cell of the board to d, then, at that point, track…