a person with aids has a low t helper/t-cytotoxic cell ratio. what problem does this create.

Q: What is the function of the lymph nodes?

A: The organ system that is characterized by the presence of lymphatic vessels and is actively…

Q: A macrophage phagocytizes an invading E. coli bacterium.  Select the type of MHC molecule that…

A: A macrophage is one of the cells of immune system which plays an important role in innate as well as…

Q: The type of cell which produces antibody is ___.     T-cell     ergogenic cell     B-cell…

A: Introduction: One of the essential categories of immunological cells in the body are lymphocytes.…

Q: For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ. 5. helper T cell and cytotoxic…

A: Answer 5  Helper T cell activates other cells such as B lymphocytes and killer T lymphocytes. Killer…

Q: APCs involve the following EXCEPT: Select one: T cells B cells Macrophages DC

A: Immunology is the branch of science which deals with the study of the immune system, immune response…

Q: Classify each item as a first, second, or third line of defense. First Line of Defense Eosinophils…

A: The first line of defence includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared…

Q: What does the T-cell receptor on the helper T cell bind? free antigen in soluble form b. antigens…

A:

Q: What type of molecules are produced by pathogens and stimulate an unregulated T cell activation in…

A: Pathogenicity represents a specialization in a certain microorganism to replicate and damage host…

Q: An important aspect of the immune system is the physical separation of the blood lymphatics,…

A: Blood:-  It is a transport medium that transports oxygen and nutrients to each and every tissue of…

Q: Cytotoxic T cells express which of the following proteins on their cell surface? (Select all that…

A: T cells or T-lymphocytes are the immune cells. These cells are the type of white blood cells that…

Q: All of the following are associated with ectopic lymphoid tissues except _____. a. they form by a…

A: The cells and organs that make up the lymphatic system like bone marrow, white blood cells, thymus,…

Q: Which of the following statements best characterizes interferons?

A: Answer ; Option (A) is right. - Interferons are a nonspecific defense used to respond to viruses. -…

Q: When a helper T cell releases interleukin-1 to stimulate other leukocytes during antigen…

A: The cells communicate through the mode of biochemical exchange. It is studied under the domain of…

Q: T cells that secrete cytokines that help antibodyresponses are called ________.a. Th1b. Th2c.…

A: T cells are also known as T lymphocytes as they are produced and mature in the thymus. They are an…

Q: The type of cell which attacks its own body cells which are virally infected or cancerous is ___.…

A: Killer T cells.

Q: . Compare and contrast positive and negative selection of T-lymphocytes and what is meant by central…

A: Lymphocytes -- These are small round cells  with a prominent nucleus which distinguish  them from…

Q: Which of these events is not a part of the second line of defense? You may have more than one…

A: Our body has mainly three line of defence. Defensing foreign substances is important to ensure good…

Q: Main role is secretion of antibodies Plasma cells Main role is secretion of cytokines Th cells Main…

A: [Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: An adult who has been thymectomized will have a T-cell repertoire that _____. a. resembles a…

A: The answer is described in the next step:-

Q: If that person was had a bacterial respiratory infection, indicate how a pathway that the could be…

A: Interaction of the body with any foreign substance causing deleterious health effects is called…

Q: Granzyme and perforin are used by what cell type in the immune system to carry out its function? O…

A: Immune system of the body contains several types of cells that are involved in cellular function…

Q: ic T cells can kill virus-infected cells. ic T cells respond to antigen bound to MHC class I…

A: T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte. T cells are one of the immune system's most important white…

Q: B lymphocytes always require the help of T cells to be activated Select one: True False

A: The formation of B-lymphocytes occurs in the bone marrow. They do not need any supportive molecule…

Q: All of the following are functions of antibodies except: 1) opsonization 2) destruction of pathogens…

A: Antibody or immunoglobulins (Ig) are circulating glycoprotein molecules secreted by B- lymphocyte…

Q: Which hypersensitivities are T-cell mediated?a. type I b. type II c. type IIId. type IV

A: Hypersensitivity is also called intolerance, or hypersensitivity reaction. Hypersensitivity is an…

Q: Immature B cells can drive strong adaptive immune responses by maturing into _______. Group of…

A: There is some information about B cells ; B cells are at the centre of the adaptive humoral immune…

Q: Which of the following is part of the second line of defense? a. Interferons b. Phagocytes c.…

A: The immune system shows immune response in three stages the first line of defence includes the…

Q: This type of lymphocyte contains CD4 receptor sites used by the HIV virus. Cytotoxic T-cells Helper…

A:

Q: Describe how this humoral response differs from a cell mediated immune response

A: Active immunity includes both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. When the innate immune system…

Q: Which of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by…

A: The immune system uses antibodies, often referred to as immunoglobulins, to recognize and destroy…

Q: Which T-lymphocytes activate the B-cell response? suppressor T-cells. cytotoxic T-cells. helper…

A: T cells are most important cells in adaptive immunity.  T helper cells activated by interacting…

Q: Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. T-cell activation: cell division and…

A: T-cells are white blood cells that take part in the cell-mediated immune response. T-cells are part…

Q: Place each events number listed below on the correct part of the “stages of illness” graph (picture…

A: * Immune cells are of two types  B cells  T cells  * T cells also called thymus cells and B cells…

Q: CD1-restricted α:β T cells respond to lipid antigens of mycobacterial pathogens using all except…

A: Introduction  The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification…

Q: Which of the following cells are primarily targeted by HIV? a. Nerve cells. b. Helper T celIs. c.…

A: HIV targets the immune system. It takes around one to two days to arrive at lymph nodes then these…

Q: List 3 things that helper T cells do:

A: Thymus is the site where T-lymphocytes get mature. T-lymphocytes arises in bone marrow. when t-cells…

Q: If you have had mumps or chickenpox before, you aren't going to get those illnesses again in the…

A: The body is protected against any foreign pathogen due to our immune system. In the immune system,…

Q: What type of cells involved in the adaptive immunity response mature in the bone marrow and produce…

A: The immune system protects the body against infection. Cells involved in immune functions are known…

Q: The correct order of words to describe how innate immune response responds to a pathogen that has…

A: Immune system is categorized into two types. They are innate and adaptive immunity. Innate  immunity…

Q: What role do all antigen-presenting cells (APCs) play? Group of answer choices phagocytosis of…

A: ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY- This has the capability of recognizing and selectively eliminates the specific…

Q: Classify the following images into the type of defense it represents. Interleukin Other cytokines…

A: T cells or T lymphocytes are subpopulations of lymphocytes that are produced in the bone marrow but…

Q: When an antigen complex is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a A) B cell. B) plasma…

A: MHC or major histocompatibility complex molecules are glycoproteins which are encoded in a large…

Q: Only protein-containing  antigen can activate T cells Select one: True False

A: T cells help in antigen recognition and thus result in immune response.there are T helper cells,T…

Q: Select the type of T cell that plays a role in diminshing an immune response:

A: T cell or T lymphocyte, is a vital component of the immune system. When it comes to protecting the…

Q: Mature T-lymphocytes that have completed their “training” accumulate in which of the following…

A: Immune system is system which helps our body to fight against the foreign substances which will…

Q: Which of the following is more effective against bacteria than viruses? Type 1 Interferon Type 2…

A: Immunity is a complicated biological system with the ability to recognise and accept what belongs to…

Q: Which of the following is a component of humoral immunity? O Na Natural Killer cells B lymphocytes…

A: Immunity is the body's ability to protect itself from foreign cells that enter the body and can be…

Q: T cells that react with self antigens are destroyed through: A. cytokinesis b. macrophages c.…

A: The T cells are one of two lymphocytes and play an important role in the immune system. B-cells are…

Q: The followings are functions of antibody eliminating unknown particles or cells which enter into the…

A: An antibody is also known by the name of immunoglobulin. It is a large Y shaped protein that is…

Q: Name one of the thymic hormones that help direct the maturation and specialization of T cells

A: T lymphocytes are the most efficient cells of the immune system. These are the types of white blood…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.