A short rectangular column 300 mm on one side and 400 mm on the other side.  It is reinforced with 8-20-mm-diameter longitudinal bars equally distributed to the shorter sides of the column.  The centroid of the bars are 70 mm from the concrete surface.  Use f’c = 21 MPa and fy = 415 MPa. 4.  Determine the nominal compressive force on concrete only when the column is at balanced condition with bending about the strong axis.

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Methods to Determine Vertical Stress

The load applied to the soil is transferred to the underground. The presence of water at soil pores and solid grains above the soil are the primary components that are responsible for the effective load transfer. Due to the load acting, the internal component of the soil or the underground formations undergoes deformations or a tectonic shift. The amount of deformation depends upon the amount of load acting on the soil surface, which indeed, depends on the weight of everything present above the soil. Due to this, the underground soil element develops internal stresses which try to resist the tectonic changes.