A study examined the relationship between a nurse's assessment of a patient's facial expression and his or her self-reported level of pain. Data for 89 patients are summarized below: Self-Report No Pain Pain Facial Expression 17 40 No Pain Pain 3 29 We'd like to determine if there is evidence of an association between a facial expression that reflects pain and self-report pain, because dementia patients do not always give a verbal indication that they are in pain. By using SPSS or Minitab, design the appropriate test and generate the data analyses. Relate the results of the test to the research question and conclude the findings.
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- McAllister et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from noncontact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the noncontact sport athletes. The following table presents data similar to the results obtained in the study. Noncontact Athletes: 10, 8, 7, 9, 13, 7, 6, 12 Contact Athletes: 7, 4, 9, 3, 7, 6, 10, 2 a. Are the test scores significantly lower for the contact sport athletes than for the noncontact athletes? Use a two-tailed test with =.05 b. What sampling technique was most likely employed by the researcher? justify your answer c. Does exposure to head impacts have an effect on cognitive performance? why or why notMcAllister et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from noncontact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the noncontact sport athletes. The following table presents data similar to the results obtained in the study. Noncontact Athletes: 10, 8, 7, 9, 13, 7, 6, 12 Contact Athletes: 7, 4, 9, 3, 7, 6, 10, 2 a. Are the test scores significantly lower for the contact sport athletes than for the noncontact athletes? Use a one-tailed test with =.05 t-critical= t= b. Compute the value of (percentage of variance accounted for) for these data. r^2= a. 0.123, b. 0.239, c. 0.138, d. 0.264In a study examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that a man’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how he was perceived by women. In the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner and then rated the attractiveness of the male on a scale from 1 (low) to 7 (high). The fictitious male was described positively as being single, ambitious, and having good job prospects. In one condition, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. The results showed that the description was rated significantly higher when “a sense of humor” was included. To examine this effect further, a researcher selected a sample of n = 16 college males and asked them to read a brief description of a female and then rate the attractiveness of the woman in the description. The description had been used in previous research but was modified by adding a statement describing a good sense of humor.…
- McAllister, et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from noncontact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the noncontact sport athletes. The following table presents data similar to the results obtained in the study. Noncontact Athletes Contact Athletes 10 7 8 4 7 9 9 3 13 7 7 6 6 10 12 2 Are the neurological test scores significantly lower for the contact athletes than for the noncontact athletes in the control group? Use a one-tailed test with α = .05. Compute the value of r² (percentage of variance accounted for) for these data.The authors of a paper on perceptions of video games carried out an experiment to determine if restrictive labels on video games actually increased the attractiveness of the game for young game players. Participants read a description of a new video game and were asked how much they wanted to play the game. The description also included an age rating. Some participants read the description with an age-restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was not appropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the same description, but with an age-restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or 18+. The following data for 12- to 13-year-old boys are consistent with summary statistics given in the paper. (The sample sizes in the actual experiment were larger.) For purposes of this exercise, you can assume that the boys were assigned at random to one of the four age label treatments (7+, 12+, 16+, and 18+). Data shown are the boys' ratings of how much they wanted to play the game on a scale of 1…The authors of a paper on perceptions of video games carried out an experiment to determine if restrictive labels on video games actually increased the attractiveness of the game for young game players. Participants read a description of a new video game and were asked how much they wanted to play the game. The description also included an age rating. Some participants read the description with an age-restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was not appropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the same description, but with an age-restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or 18+. The following data for 12- to 13-year-old boys are consistent with summary statistics given in the paper. (The sample sizes in the actual experiment were larger.) For purposes of this exercise, you can assume that the boys were assigned at random to one of the four age label treatments (7+, 12+, 16+, and 18+). Data shown are the boys' ratings of how much they wanted to play the game on a scale of 1…
- The authors of a paper on perceptions of video games carried out an experiment to determine if restrictive labels on video games actually increased the attractiveness of the game for young game players. Participants read a description of a new video game and were asked how much they wanted to play the game. The description also included an age rating. Some participants read the description with an age-restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was not appropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the same description, but with an age-restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or 18+. The following data for 12- to 13-year-old boys are consistent with summary statistics given in the paper. (The sample sizes in the actual experiment were larger.) For purposes of this exercise, you can assume that the boys were assigned at random to one of the four age label treatments (7+, 12+, 16+, and 18+). Data shown are the boys' ratings of how much they wanted to play the game on a scale of 1…The authors of a paper on perceptions of video games carried out an experiment to determine if restrictive labels on video games actually increased the attractiveness of the game for young game players. Participants read a description of a new video game and were asked how much they wanted to play the game. The description also included an age rating. Some participants read the description with an age-restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was not appropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the same description, but with an age-restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or 18+. The following data for 12- to 13-year-old boys are consistent with summary statistics given in the paper. (The sample sizes in the actual experiment were larger.) For purposes of this exercise, you can assume that the boys were assigned at random to one of the four age label treatments (7+, 12+, 16+, and 18+). Data shown are the boys' ratings of how much they wanted to play the game on a scale of 1…The authors of a paper on perceptions of video games carried out an experiment to determine if restrictive labels on video games actually increased the attractiveness of the game for young game players. Participants read a description of a new video game and were asked how much they wanted to play the game. The description also included an age rating. Some participants read the description with an age-restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was not appropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the same description, but with an age-restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or 18+. The following data for 12- to 13-year-old boys are consistent with summary statistics given in the paper. (The sample sizes in the actual experiment were larger.) For purposes of this exercise, you can assume that the boys were assigned at random to one of the four age label treatments (7+, 12+, 16+, and 18+). Data shown are the boys' ratings of how much they wanted to play the game on a scale of 1…
- A study investigating the effect of student gender on poor academic performance (measured as having a grade of B or lower) at the University of Colorado reported that 17% of male students had poor performance and that 11% of female students had poor performance. Given this information, can we determine if there is an association between sex and academic performance? (Choose the one best answer). Group of answer choices Yes, female students have a lower rate of poor academic performance therefore poor academic performance is associated with being a female student. No, male students only have a slightly higher prevalence of poor academic performance compared to female students and therefore there is no association between poor performance and gender. Yes, male students have a higher rate of poor academic performance therefore poor academic performance is associated with being a male student. No, the prevalence values alone cannot be used to assess an association between…The article "Americans are 'Getting the Wrong Idea' on Alcohol and Health"† reported that observational studies in recent years that have concluded that moderate drinking is associated with a reduction in the risk of heart disease may be misleading. The article refers to a study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that showed that moderate drinkers, as a group, tended to be better educated, wealthier, and more active than nondrinkers. Explain why the existence of these potentially confounding variables prevents drawing the conclusion that moderate drinking is the cause of reduced risk of heart disease. (Select all that apply.) Someone who is more active is more likely to avoid healthier food. Someone who is wealthier is more likely to purchase healthier food. Someone who is more active is more likely to seek out healthier food. Someone who is educated is more likely to seek out healthier food. Someone who is educated is more likely to not be aware of what…The article "Americans are 'Getting the Wrong Idea' on Alcohol and Health"† reported that observational studies in recent years that have concluded that moderate drinking is associated with a reduction in the risk of heart disease may be misleading. The article refers to a study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that showed that moderate drinkers, as a group, tended to be better educated, wealthier, and more active than nondrinkers. Explain why the existence of these potentially confounding variables prevents drawing the conclusion that moderate drinking is the cause of reduced risk of heart disease. (Select all that apply.) a. Someone who is more active is more likely to avoid healthier food. b.Someone who is more active is more likely to seek out healthier food. c. Someone who is wealthier is more likely to purchase healthier food. d.Someone who is educated is more likely to seek out healthier food. e.Someone who is educated is more likely to not be aware…