A water pipe is buried 0.37 m (cf. Problem 4.12) below ground in wet soil (a = 7.75 x 10-7 m²/s and k = 2.59 W/m K). The soil is initially at a uniform temperature of 5°C. For sudden application of a convective surface condition of wind with h = 57 W/m² K and T₂ = -21 °C, will the pipe be exposed to freezing temperature (0 °C) in a 10 hour period?
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- 2.0 Engine oil at 100°C and a velocity of 0.25 m/s flows over both surfaces of a 0.8-m-long flat plate maintained at 20°C.Determine:(a) The velocity and thermal boundary layer thicknesses at the trailing edge.(b) The local heat flux and surface shear stress at the trailing edge.(c) The total drag force and heat transfer per unit width of the plate.Air at 25 ° C blows over the hot steel plate whose surface temperature is maintained at 150 ° C. The plates are 50 cm x 40 cm in dimensions and 3 cm thick. The convection heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface is 30 W / (m² ° C). The thermal conductivity of steel is 45 W / (m ° C). Calculate the hourly heat loss from the plate surface. a. heat loss per hour = ..... kJ. b. If the reverse side surface temperature is maintained, determine the hourly heat loss occurring = ..... kJ.Air at 25 ° C blows over the hot steel plate whose surface temperature is maintained at 250 ° C. The plates are 70 cm x 40 cm in dimensions and 2.5 cm thick. The convection heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface is 20 W / (m² ° C). The thermal conductivity of steel is 45 W / (m ° C). Calculate the hourly heat loss from the plate surface. a. heat loss per hour = AnswerkJ. b. If the reverse side surface temperature is maintained, determine the hourly heat loss occurring = AnswerkJ.
- Water at a temperature of 25oC flows parallel over a flat plate with free-stream velocity of 2 m/s. The plate surface temperature is uniform at 86oC. Calculate: a) Thermal boundary layer thickness at x = 8 cm from leading edge; b) Local heat flux on x = 8 cm from leading edge; c) Total heat transfer rate in the area of plate L = 8 cm from the leading edge and width w = 10 cm.Air at a temperature of 25oC flows parallel over a flat plate with free-stream velocity of 2 m/s. The plate surface temperature is uniform at 86oC. Calculate: a) Thermal boundary layer thickness at x = 8 cm from leading edge; b) Local heat flux on x = 8 cm from leading edge; c) Total heat transfer rate in the area of plate L = 8 cm from the leading edge and width w = 10 cm.1-The wind blows with velocity 0.4 m/s parallel to the both sides of a flat plate with rectangular area 10m×10 m. The plate temperature is T0=60◦C, and the temperature of the air free stream is 20◦C. Assume laminar flow and calculate: (a) maximum boundary layer thickness, (b) the total force experienced by the plate, (c) estimate the total heat transfer rate by laminar forced convection (d) Make a qualitative sketch of how the local heat flux qx and τx varies along the length L.
- Water at 25°C flows over a flat plate with a free flow velocity of 2 m/s. The uniform plate surface temperature is 86°C. The thickness of the thermal boundary layer at a distance of 8cm from the front rim. The heat flux at that locationA carbon steel plate (thermal conductivity = 45 W/m°C) 600 mm x 900 mm x 25 mm is maintained at 310°C. Air at 15°C blows over the hot plate. If convection heat transfer coefficient is 22 W/m.°C and 250 W is lost from the plate surface by radiation, calculate the inside plate temperature.Air at 20oC and 1 atm flows over a flat plate at 35 m/s. The plate is 75 cm long and 100 cm depth and is maintained at 60oC. Calculate (a) velocity boundary layer thickness at the leading edge, (b) thermal boundary layer thickness at the distance of 10 cm from the leading edge, and (c) thermal boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge.
- 3.10 A spherical shell satellite (3-m-OD, 1.25-cm-thick stainless steel walls) re-enters the atmosphere from outer space. If its original temperature is 38°C, the effective average temperature of the atmosphere is 1093°C, and the effective heat transfer coefficient is , estimate the temperature of the shell after reentry, assuming the time of reentry is 10 min and the interior of the shell is evacuated.Air at 25 ° C blows over the hot steel plate whose surface temperature is maintained at 150 ° C. The plates are 50 cm x 40 cm in dimensions and 2.5 cm thick. The convection heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface is 40 W / (m² ° C). The thermal conductivity of steel is 45 W / (m ° C). Calculate the hourly heat loss from the plate surface. a. heat loss per hour = Answer kJ. b. If the reverse side surface temperature is maintained, determine the hourly heat loss occurring = Answer kJ. Air at 25 ° C blows over the hot steel plate whose surface temperature is maintained at 150 ° C. The plates are 50 cm x 40 cm in dimensions and 2.5 cm thick. The convection heat transfer coefficient on the upper surface is 40 W / (m² ° C). The thermal conductivity of steel is 45 W / (m ° C). Calculate the hourly heat loss from the plate surface. a. heat loss per hour = Answer kJ. b. If the reverse side surface temperature is maintained, determine the hourly heat loss occurring = Answer kJ.Air at 400C flows with a velocity of 7 m/s over a 5m long and 4m wilde surface of a flat plate whose surface temperature is 800C. Find the rate of heat transfer from the laminar flow region of the surface. (For air at 400C , V = 1.702 × 10-5 , pr = 0.7255, K = 0.02662 w/m . K). (a) 1.796 KW (b) 2.543 KW (c) 0.796 KW (d) 2.321 KW