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Risk and return
Before understanding the concept of Risk and Return in Financial Management, understanding the two-concept Risk and return individually is necessary.
Capital Asset Pricing Model
Capital asset pricing model, also known as CAPM, shows the relationship between the expected return of the investment and the market at risk. This concept is basically used particularly in the case of stocks or shares. It is also used across finance for pricing assets that have higher risk identity and for evaluating the expected returns for the assets given the risk of those assets and also the cost of capital.
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- You are reviewing the valuation of Vulcan Enterprises, a private business. The analyst has estimated a value of $ 2.0 million for the company, which is in stable growth and expected to grow 3% a year in perpetuity. The firm has no debt outstanding and is expected to generate an after-tax operating income of $300,000 next year; the return on capital is anticipated to be 15%. The analyst valued the company for a private-to-private transaction, and the cost of equity he estimated is correct, given that setting. (He used a total beta to estimate the cost of equity, a risk-free rate of 4%, and an equity risk premium of 5%).However, the buyer is a publicly-traded firm with diversified investors. The average R-squared across publicly traded companies in this business is 25%. Estimate the correct value of Vulcan Enterprises for sale to a public buyer.Ignatius Industries is considering going public but is still determining a fair offering price for the company. Before hiring an investment banker to assist in making the public offering, managers at Ignatius have decided to make their own estimate of the firm’s common stock value. The firm’s CFO has gathered data for valuating using the free cash flow valuation model. The firm’s weighted average cost of capital is 12%, and it has $1,500,000 of debt at market value and $550,000 of preferred stock at its assumed market value. The estimated free cash flows over the next 5 year, 2024 through 2028, are given below. Beyond 2028 to infinity, the firm expects its free cash flow to grow by 3% annually. Year FCF 2024 $250,000 2025 325,000 2026 810,000 2027 950,000 2028 1,690,000 Estimate the value of Ignatius Industries’ entire company by using the free cash flow valuation model. Use your finding in part a, along with the data provided…Nabor Industries is considering going public but is unsure of a fair offering price for the company. Before hiring an investment banker to assist in making the public offering, managers at Nabor have decided to make their own estimate of the firm's common stock value. The firm's CFO has gathered data for performing the valuation using the free cash flow valuation model. The firm's weighted average cost of capital is 11%, and it has $3,110,000 of debt at market value and $620,000 of preferred stock in terms of market value. The estimated free cash flows over the next 5 years, 1 through 5, are given in the table, year (t) free cash flow 1 270,000 2 330,000 3 360,000 4 440,000 5 470,000 After year 5,the firm expects its free cash flow to grow by 5%annually. a. Estimate the value of Nabor Industries' entire company by using the free cash flow valuation model. b. Use your finding in part a, along with the data provided above, to find Nabor Industries'…
- Nabor Industries is considering going public but is unsure of a fair offering price for the company. Before hiring an investment banker to assist in making the public offering, managers at Nabor have decided to make their own estimate of the firm’s common stock value. The firm’s CFO has gathered data for performing the valuation using the free cash flow valuation model. The firm’s weighted average cost of capital is 11%, and it has $1,500,000 of debt at market value and $400,000 of preferred stock at its assumed market value. The estimated free cash flows over the next 5 years, 2013 through 2017, are given below. Beyond 2017 to infinity, the firm expects its free cash flow to grow by 3% annually. Year Free cash flow (FCF) 2013 $200,000 2014 $250,000 2015 $310,000 2016 $350,000 2017 $390,000 (i) Estimate the value of Nabor Industries’ entire company by using the free cash flow valuation model. (ii) Use your finding in i, along with the data provided above, to find Nabor…Nabor Industries is considering going public but is unsure of a fair offering price for the company. Before hiring an investment banker to assist in making the public offering, managers at Nabor have decided to make their own estimate of the firm's common stock value. The firm's CFO has gathered data for performing the valuation using the free cash flow valuation model. The firm's weighted average cost of capital is 15%, and it has $1,530,000of debt at market value and $310,000 of preferred stock in terms of market value. The estimated free cash flows over the next 5 years,2020through2024, are given in the table, Year (t) Free cash flow(FCF) 2020 $230,000 2021 $310,000 2022 $340,000 2023 $370,000 2024 $420,000 Beyond 2024 to infinity, the firm expects its free cash flow to grow by 4% annually. a.Estimate the value of Nabor Industries' entire company by using the free cash flow valuation model. b.Use your finding in part a, along with the…Nabor Industries is considering going public but is unsure of a fair offering price for thecompany. Before hiring an investment banker to assist in making the public offering,managers at Nabor have decided to make their own estimate of the firm’s common stockvalue. The firm’s CFO has gathered data for performing the valuation using the free cashflow valuation model. The firm’s weighted average cost of capital is 11%, and it has$1,500,000 of debt at market value and $400,000 of preferred stock at its assumed marketvalue. The estimated free cash flows over the next 5 years, 2013 through 2017, are givenbelow. Beyond 2017 to infinity, the firm expects its free cash flow to grow by 3% annually. Year Free Cash Flow (FCF) 2013 $200,000 2014 250,0002015 310,0002016 350,0002017 390,000(i) Estimate the value of Nabor Industries’ entire company by using the free cash flow valuation model. (ii) Use your finding in part i, along with the data provided above, to find Nabor…
- You have been asked by your employers to demonstrate your knowledge in business valuation process, by analyzing the value of Best Group Savings and Loans Company (BGSLC). The company paid a dividend of GH¢ 250,000 this year. The current return to shareholders of companies in the same industry as BGSLC is 12%, although it is expected that an additional risk premium of 2% will be applicable to BGSLC, being a smaller and unquoted company. Compute the expected valuation of BGSLC, if: The current level of dividend is expected to continue into the foreseeable future The dividend is expected to grow at a rate 4% par into foreseeable future The dividend is expected to grow at a 3% rate for three years and 2% afterwardsou were hired as a consultant to XYZ Company, whose target capital structure is 32% debt, 11% preferred, and 57% common equity. The interest rate on new debt is 7.60%, the yield on the preferred is 4.20%, the cost of common from retained earnings is 16.15%, and the tax rate is 36.00%. The firm will not be issuing any new common stock. What is XYZ's WACC?Round your answer to two decimal places. For example, if your answer is $345.6671 round as 345.67 and if your answer is .05718 or 5.7182% round as 5.72. Group of answer choices 10.21% 12.68% 13.69% 11.22% 13.58%Nabor Industries is considering going public but is unsure of a fair offering price for the company. Before hiring an investmentbanker to assist in making the public offering, managers at Nabor have decidedto make their own estimate of the firm’s common stock value. The firm’s CFO has gathered data for performing the valuation using the free cash flow valuation model. The firm’s weighted average cost of capital is 11%, and it has $1,500,000 debt at market value and $400,000 of preferred stock at its assumed market value. The estimated free cash flows over the next 5 years: Year Free Cash Flow 2022 $200,000 2023 $250,000 2024 $310,000 2025 $350,000 2026 $390,000 Estimate the value of Nabor Industries’ entire company by using the free cashflow valuation model. ( please solve this one manually) Use your finding in part a, along with the data provided above, to find NaborIndustries’ common stock value. If the firm plans to issue 200,000…
- Lana is thinking about making an iventment in a new venture called BluePearl - after performing an analysis of similar firms, she discovered several other firms (3) with the following Enterprise Value to FCF ratios: Firm 1: 5.9 Firm 2: 7.6 Firm 3: 9.1 The cashflows for BluePearl this year are expected to be $1,300,000. If BluePearl doesn't have any debt or cash currently, and 700,000 shares outstanding - what is the Price Per Share for BluePearl?Managers from different departments in Bensen Systems, a large multinational corporation, have offered seven projects for consideration by the corporate office. A staff member for the chief financial officer used key words to identify the projects and then listed them in order of projected rate of return as shown below. If the company wants to grow rapidly through high leverage and uses only 5% equity financing that has a cost of equity capital of 10% and 95% debt financing with a cost of debt capital of 19%, which projects should the company undertake? Project ID Projected ROR, % per year Inventory 30.0 Technology 28.4 Warehouse 21.9 Maintenance 19.5 Products 13.1 Energy 9.6 Shipping 8.2A privately held corporation, is making plans for future investments that can increase growth. The company’s manager has recommended that the company “go public” by issuing common stock to raise the funds needed to support the growth. The current owners, who founded the firm, are worried that control of the firm will be diluted by this strategy. If the company undertakes an IPO, it is estimated that each share of stock will sell for $6.25, the investment banking fee will be 22 percent of the total value of the issue. If the founders must issue stock to finance the growth of the firm, what would you recommend they do to protect their controlling interest for at least a few years after the IPO?