ady-state condition dT K = 30W/m2; T1=85°C %3D dx A(AT)= 30W/ m² ; T1=85°C (AT)= 15W/ m²; T=85°C %=D30W; T1=85°C;
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- 3.16 A large, 2.54-cm.-thick copper plate is placed between two air streams. The heat transfer coefficient on one side is and on the other side is . If the temperature of both streams is suddenly changed from 38°C to 93°C, determine how long it takes for the copper plate to reach a temperature of 82°C.1.60 Two electric resistance heaters with a 20 cm length and a 2 cm diameter are inserted into a well-insulated 40-L tank of water that is initially at 300 K. If each heater dissipates 500 W, what is the time required for bringing the water temperature in the tank to 340 K? State your assumption for your analysis.3.17 A 1.4-kg aluminum household iron has a 500-W heating element. The surface area is . The ambient temperature is 21°C, and the surface heat transfer coefficient is . How long after the iron is plugged in does its temperature reach 104°C?
- A cooling system is to be designed for a food storage warehouse for keeping perishable foods cool prior to transportation to grocery stores. The warehouse has an effective surface area of 1860 m2 exposed to an ambient air temperature of 32C. The warehouse wall insulation (k=0.17W/(mK)) is 7.5 cm thick. Determine the rate at which heat must be removed (W) from the warehouse to maintain the food at 4C.A thin-wall jacketed tank heated by condensing steam at one atmosphere contains 91 kg of agitated water. The heat transfer area of the jacket is 0.9m2 and the overall heat transfer coefficient U=227W/m2K based on that area. Determine the heating time required for an increase in temperature from 16C to 60C.The handle of a ladle used for pouring molten lead is 30 cm long. Originally the handle was made of 1.9cm1.25cm mild steel bar stock. To reduce the grip temperature, it is proposed to form the handle of tubing 0.15 cm thick to the same rectangular shape. If the average heat transfer coefficient over the handle surface is 14 W/m K, estimate the reduction of the temperature at the grip in air at 21C.
- 2.9 In a large chemical factory, hot gases at 2273 K are cooled by a liquid at 373 K with gas-side and liquid-side convection heat transfer coefficients of 50 and , respectively. The wall that separates the gas and liquid streams is composed of a 2-cm thick oxide layer on the gas side and a 4-cm thick slab of stainless steel on the liquid side. There is a contact resistance between the oxide layer and the steel of . Determine the rate of heat loss from hot gases through the composite wall to the liquid.2.38 The addition of aluminum fins has been suggested to increase the rate of heat dissipation from one side of an electronic device 1 m wide and 1 m tall. The fins are to be rectangular in cross section, 2.5 cm long and 0.25 cm thick, as shown in the figure. There are to be 100 fins per meter. The convection heat transfer coefficient, both for the wall and the fins, is estimated to be K. With this information determine the percent increase in the rate of heat transfer of the finned wall compared to the bare wall.The air-conditioning system in a Chevrolet van for use in desert climates is to be sized. The system is to maintain an interior temperature of 20C when the van travels at 100 km/h through dry air at 30C at night. If the top of the van is idealized as a flat plate 6 m long and 2 m wide and the sides as flat plates 3 m tall and 6 m long, estimate the rate at which heat must be removed from the interior to maintain the specified
- 2.55 A long, 1-cm-diameter electric copper cable is embedded in the center of a 25-cm-square concrete block. If the outside temperature of the concrete is 25oC and the rate of electrical energy dissipation in the cable is 150 W per meter length, determine temperatures at the outer surface and at the center of the cable.The interior wall of a large, commercial walk-in type meat freezer is covered under normal operating conditions with a 2-cm thick layer of ice. One day, a power outage cuts electricity to the refrigeration system of the freezer. Estimate the time required to melt this layer of ice if it has a mass density of 700kg/m3 and a latent heat of fusion of 334 kJ/kg. Consider the air temperature inside the freezer to be 20C with a heat transfer coefficient of 2W/m2K for convection from the freezer surface to air, and clearly state the assumptions made in your calculations.1.67 In beauty salons and in homes, a ubiquitous device is the hairdryer. The front end of a typical hairdryer is idealized as a thin-walled cylindrical duct with a 6-cm diameter with a fan at the inlet that blows air over an electric heating coil as schematically shown in the figure. The design of this appliance requires two power settings, with which the air blown over the electric heating coil is heated from the ambient temperature of to an outlet temperature of and with exit air velocities of 1.0 m/s and 1.5 m/s. Estimate the electric power required for the heating coil to meet these conditions, assuming that heat loss from the outside of the dryer duct is neglected.