An air-standard diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 16 and a cut-off ratio of 3. The state at the beginning of compression is temperature = 300 K and pressure = 150 kPa Find all the temperatures and pressures at point 2,3 and 4. Compute for the thermal efficiency of the cycle using Qin and Qout.
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- A Carnot engine operates between 550 and 20 baths and produces 300 kJ of energy in each cycle. Find the change in entropy of the (a) hot bath and (b) cold bath, in each Carnot cycle?Check Your Understanding A Carnot engine operates between reservoirs at 400 and 30 . (a) What is the efficiency of the engine? (b) If the engine does 5.0 J of work per cycle, how much heat per cycle does it absorb from the high-temperature reservoir? (c) How much heat per cycle does it exhaust to the cold-temperature reservoir? (d) What temperatures at the cold reservoir would give the minimum and maximum efficiency?Does the entropy increase for a Carnot engine for each cycle?
- A Carnot cycle working between 100 and 30 is used to drive a refrigerator between 10 and 30 . How much energy must the Carnot engine produce per second so that the refrigerator is able to discard 10 J of energy per second?Is it possible for a system to have an entropy change if it neither absorbs nor emits heat during a reversible? transition? What happens it the process is irreversible?Derive a formula for the coefficient of performance of a refrigerator using an ideal gas as a working substance operating in the cycle shown below in terms of the properties of the three states labeled 1, 2, and 3.
- A diatomic ideal gas is brought from an initial equilibrium state at p1=0.50 atm and T1=300K to a final stage with p2=0.20 atm and T1=500K. Use the results of the previous problem to determine the entropy change per mole of the gas.With the help of the two preceding problems, show that S between states 1 and 2 of nmoles an ideal gas is given by S=CnplnT2T1nRlnP2P1.If a refrigerator discards 80 J of heat per cycle and its coefficient of performance is 6.0, what are (a) the quantity off heat it removes per cycle from a cold reservoir and (b) the amount of work per cycle required for its operation?
- A cylinder contains 500 g of helium at 120 atm and 20 . The valve is leaky, and all the gas slowly escapes isothermally into the atmosphere. Use the results of the preceding problem to determine the resulting change in entropy of the universe.In ideal gas, what is the specific molar entropy change (in J/mol-K) during an isothermal processin which the pressure changes from 200 kPa to 150 kPa?An ideal Otto cycle has a compression ratio of 10.5, takes in air at 90 kPa and 40C, and is repeated 2500 times per minute. Using constant specific heats at room temperature, determine the thermal efficiency of this cycle and the rate of heat input if the cycle is to produce 90 kW of power.