An article presents the results of an experiment in which the surface roughness (in μm) was measured for 15 D2 steel specimens and compared with the roughness predicted by a neural network model. The results are presented in the following table. TRUE Value (x) Predicted Value (y) 0.45 0.400 0.82 0.7 0.54 0.52 0.41 $0.39 0.77 0.74 0.79 0.78 0.25 0.27 0.62 0.6 0.91 0.87 0.52 0.51 1.02 0.91 0.6 0.71 0.58 0.5 0.87 0.91 1.06 1.04
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- If the Cumulative Gain at a depth of 15% for the Neural Network model is converted to number of primary/positive event cases, what will be the number of cases? Show your calculation.Omega-3, finis Exercises 21 and 23 describe an experi-ment investigating the effectiveness of omega-3 fats in treating bipolar disorder. Suppose some of the 30 sub-jects were very active people who walked a lot or got vig-orous exercise several times a week, while others tended to be more sedentary, working office jobs and watchinga lot of TV. Why might researchers choose to block thesubjects by activity level before randomly assigning themto the omega-3 and placebo groups?Infants, even newborns, prefer to look at attractive faces compared to less attractive faces (Slater, et al., 1998). In the study, infants from 1 to 6 days old were shown two photographs of women’s faces. Previously, a group of adults had rated one of the faces as significantly more attractive than the other. The babies were positioned in front of a screen on which the photographs were presented. The pair of faces remained on the screen until the baby accumulated a total of 20 seconds of looking at one or the other. The number of seconds looking at the attractive face was recorded for each infant. Suppose that the study used a sample of n = 9 infants and the data produced an average of M = 13 for the attractive face with an estimated standard error sM= 1 (SS = 72). If there were no preference, the 20 seconds should be divided equally between the two photographs. Note that all the available information comes from the sample. Specifically, we do not know the population mean or the…
- Infants, even newborns, prefer to look at attractive faces compared to less attractive faces (Slater, et al., 1998). In the study, infants from 1 to 6 days old were shown two photographs of women’s faces. Previously, a group of adults had rated one of the faces as significantly more attractive than the other. The babies were positioned in front of a screen on which the photographs were presented. The pair of faces remained on the screen until the baby accumulated a total of 20 seconds of looking at one or the other. The number of seconds looking at the attractive face was recorded for each infant. Suppose that the study used a sample of n = 9 infants and the data produced an average of M = 13 for the attractive face with an estimated standard error sM= 1 (SS = 72). If there were no preference, the 20 seconds should be divided equally between the two photographs. Note that all the available information comes from the sample. Specifically, we do not know the population mean or the…Dyslexia refers to a specific reading disability that affects 10% to 15% of the general population. A dyslexic child is defined as a child of normal or above-normal intelligence with no known organic behavioural disorders who, despite normal schooling, shows a reading lag of at least two years. A researcher proposed that dyslexia was the result of a complex visual deficit that could be immediately corrected by simply putting a blue plastic overlay on the reading material. To test this, 100 dyslexic children were randomly assigned to one of two groups, one of which read from pages with a clear plastic overlay and the other of which read from pages with a blue plastic overlay. The dependent variable was percentage correct on a multiple-choice reading comprehension test. a) Is this an observational study or an experiment? Explain your choice. b) Why did the researcher use a clear overlay as one of the treatment groups instead of just having the children read the passage without an…Dyslexia refers to a specific reading disability that affects 10% to 15% of the general population. A dyslexic child is defined as a child of normal or above-normal intelligence with no known organic behavioural disorders who, despite normal schooling, shows a reading lag of at least two years. A researcher proposed that dyslexia was the result of a complex visual deficit that could be immediately corrected by simply putting a blue plastic overlay on the reading material. To test this, 100 dyslexic children were randomly assigned to one of two groups, one of which read from pages with a clear plastic overlay and the other of which read from pages with a blue plastic overlay. The dependent variable was percentage correct on a multiple-choice reading comprehension test. What assumptions for the hypothesis test would need to be conducted for a one sample t test? Which data on spss would i need to look at for the assumptions?
- Is the following statement true or false? “The single-phase, single-channel model with Poisson arrivals and undefined service times will always have larger (i.e., greater) operating characteristic values (i.e., W,Wq, L, Lq ) than the same model with exponentially distributed service times.” Explain your answer.Researchers have noted a decline in cognitive functioning as people age (Bartus, 1990). However, theresults from other research suggest that the antioxidants in foods such as blueberries can reduce andeven reverse these age-related declines, at least inlaboratory rats (Joseph et al., 1999). Based on theseresults, one might theorize that the same antioxidants might also benefit elderly humans. Supposea researcher is interested in testing this theory. Theresearcher obtains a sample of n = 16 adults who areolder than 65, and gives each participant a daily doseof a blueberry supplement that is very high in antioxidants. After taking the supplement for 6 months, theparticipants are given a standardized cognitive skillstest and produce a mean score of M = 50.2. For thegeneral population of elderly adults, scores on the testaverage μ = 45 and form a normal distribution withσ = 9.a. Can the researcher conclude that the supplementhas a significant effect on cognitive skill? Use atwo-tailed test…Conduct a t-test at the .01 level. Find the correct conclusion about the research hypothesis. (A) Therefore, there is a statistically significant difference in the population mean income between the two groups. (B) Therefore, the population mean income of group 1 is statistically significantly smaller than that of group 2. (C) Therefore, the population mean income of group 1 is statistically significantly greater than that of group 2. (D) Therefore, there is NO statistically significant difference in the population mean income between the two groups. (E) Therefore, the population mean income of group 1 is NOT statistically significantly smaller than that of group 2. (F) Therefore, the population mean income of group 1 is NOT statistically significantly greater than that of group 2.
- Researchers measured the distribution of beak sizes in a cohort of medium ground finch hatchlings in the Galapagos Islands in 1976 just before, and in a cohort of hatchlings two years after a severe drought. They measured 100 finches in each cohort. After the drought, the proportion of large, harder seeds was substantially greater than before the drought. Their data documenting this selective event are shown in graphical and tabular form below. Beak size (mm) Frequency before selection Frequency after selection 10.010.0 0.000.00 0.000.00 10.210.2 0.000.00 0.000.00 10.410.4 0.020.02 0.000.00 10.610.6 0.040.04 0.000.00 10.810.8 0.080.08 0.000.00 11.011.0 0.160.16 0.000.00 11.211.2 0.200.20 0.000.00 11.411.4 0.200.20 0.000.00 11.611.6 0.160.16 0.020.02 11.811.8 0.080.08 0.040.04 12.012.0 0.040.04 0.080.08 12.212.2 0.020.02 0.160.16 12.412.4 0.000.00 0.200.20 12.612.6 0.000.00 0.200.20 12.812.8 0.000.00 0.160.16 13.013.0 0.000.00 0.080.08 13.213.2…Note- bolded quiz have already answered A possible important environmental determinant of lung function in children is the amount of cigarette smoking in the home. Suppose this question is studied by selecting two groups: Group 1 consists of 23 nonsmoking children 5-9 years of age, both of whose parents smoke, who have a mean forced expiratory volume (FEV) of 2.1 L and a standard deviation of 0.7 L; group 2 consists of 20 nonsmoking children of comparable age, neither of whose parents smoke, who have a mean FEV of 2.3 L and a standard deviation of 0.4 L.*8.31 What are the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses to compare the means of the two groups? *8.32 What is the appropriate test procedure for the hypotheses in Problem 8.31? *8.33 Carry out the test in Problem 8.32 using the criticalvalue method. *8.34 Provide a 95% CI for the true mean difference in FEV between 5- to 9-year-old children whose parents smoke and comparable children whose parents do not smoke. *8.35 Assuming…Second-Hand Smoke: Data Set 12 “Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke. Construct the confidence interval appropriate for the hypothesis test in part a. What do you conclude about the effects of second-hand smoke?