An example of income earned but not received is O a. welfare payments. O b. consumption. Ocundistributed profits. O d. Social Security payments.
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An example of income earned but not received is O a. welfare payments. O b. consumption. Ocundistributed profits. O d. Social Security payments.
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- The Law of variable proportion describes three stages of production. In the first stage of production a. Both MP and AP rise O b. MP rises O c. AP Falls O d. MP is zero1. According to part A of Table 5-1, what education level loses most (i.e., has the greatest decrease in wage) from immigration to the United States? Does this result depend on keeping the rental on capital constant? Explain why or why not. 2. Suppose that computers use 2 units of capital for each worker, so that KC = 2 • LC, whereas shoes use 0.5 unit of capital for each worker, so that KS = 0.5 • LS. There are 100 workers and 100 units of capital in the economy. a. Solve for the amount of labor and capital used in each industry. Hint: The box diagram shown in Figure 5-7 means that the amount of labor and capital used in each industry must add up to the total for the economy, so that Use these two equations to solve for LC and LS, and then calculate the amount of capital used in each industry using KC = 2 • LC and KS = 0.5 • LS. b. Suppose that the number of workers increases to 125 due to immigration, keeping total capital fixed at 100. Again, solve…1. Supose that·Total Factor Productivity increases·Capital depreciates by 10%Everything else equal, what happens to labor demand in the economy?A. It decreases (i.e. shifts to the left of the demand curve)B. It increases (i.e. shifts to the right of the demand curve)C. Not enough information to answer 2. Does an increase in the wage causes leisure always to increase, because leisure is a normal good?A. YesB. NoC. Only if the substitution effect dominates the income effectD. Only if the income effect dominates the substitution effect
- Hi can you write 500 words on "How do the concepts of income and substitution effects enhance our understanding why annual hours worked have tended to fall over time"Q1) Individuals are counted as unemployed if they have Select one: O a. no job O b. no job and are not looking. O c. no job but looked for a job at least once in the last four weeks. O d. no job but looked for a job at least once in the last six months. Q2) Which of the following is not a topic studied in Macroeconomics Select one: O a. Unemployment O b. Gross Domestic Products (GDP) O c. None of the options O d. InflationConsider 5 workers who care about their consumption and continuous job satisfaction J.Their preferences are described by the utility function U(C,J) = 2C + J. There are 5 firms thatare producing the output using the production function Q(J,L) = L√20 − J1. What are the marginal rate of substitution between consumption and job satisfaction andthe marginal rate of transformation between wages and job satisfaction?2. What are the equilibrium levels of wage and job satisfaction?3. What is the slope of the wage-job satisfaction locus?
- Consider the following labor-leisure choice model. U(C,L) = C^2/3L^1/3 C = wN + π – T H= N+ L Where C: consumptionL: leisureN: hours workedH = 50 : total hoursw = 4 : hourly wageπ = 20 : non-labor income T = 10 : lump-sum tax Suppose the hourly wage changes to w = 5. Perform a decomposition and fill in the table C L N Substitution Effect Income Effect Total EffectThe United States has established a progressive income tax system, where a worker’s tax rate onearnings increases as she earns more money. There are 168 hours in a given week. Assume thatfor the first 56 hours worked, the tax rate is t1, which means that the net real wage is w*(1-t1).After working the 56th hour, the worker jumps to a higher tax rate t2. After the 112th hourworked, the individual jumps to an even higher tax rate, t3.(a) During most election years, some politicians argue that a having a flat tax system isbetter. Assume that there is a proposal to institute a flat tax, where all workers pay a taxrate equal to t4, which is greater than t3. On the same set of axes, graph the budgetconstraints associated with the progressive tax system and the flat tax system. Make sureto label all of the slopes.(b) Would moving to this proposed flat tax system likely encourage more or fewer hoursworked for relatively high-wage workers? Make sure to explain your answer (a writtenexplanation…Shelly’s preferences for consumption and leisure can be expressed as U(C, L) = (C - 200) * (L - 80) This utility function implies that Shelly’s marginal utility of leisure is C - 200 and her marginal utility of consumption is L - 80. There are 168 hours in the week available to split between work and leisure. Shelly earns $5 per hour after taxes. She also receives $320 worth of welfare benefits each week regardless of how much she works. a. Graph Shelly’s budget line. b. What is Shelly’s marginal rate of substitution when L = 100 and she is on her budget line? c. What is Shelly’s reservation wage? d. Find Shelly’s optimal amount of consumption and leisure.
- Matt loses his job as a solar panel installer and cannot find another position with equivalent pay and benefits. As a result, he is still According to economists, which term best describes Matt? a. under employed O b. a discouraged worker O c. unemployed Od out of the labour forceThe Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) wants to investigate the value workers place on being able to work in “clean” mines over “dirty” mines. The EPA conductsa study and finds the average annual wage in clean mines to be $42,250 and the average annual wage in dirty mines to be $47,250.a. According to the EPA, how much does the average worker value working in a clean mine?b. Suppose the EPA could mandate that all dirty mines become clean mines and that all workers who were in a dirty mine must therefore accept a $5,000 pay decrease. Are these workers helped by the intervention, hurt by the intervention, or i ndifferent to the intervention?at job group(Occupation) was the smallest among immigrants? Why do you think so few people from that group came to the United States?2.) What job group was the largest? Why do you think so many people from that group came to the United States?
