Anesthetic drugs and anxiety-reducing drugs increase activity of GABA, decreasing brain excitation. Why would we predict that exposure to these drugs might be dangerous to the brain of a fetus?

Q: Discuss the importance of the hypothalamus to the systems of the body that are affected by the…

A: The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that is positioned underneath. It is located directly below…

Q: Which of the following is correct? tertiary neurons found by:- a. extending between the posterior…

A: We know that, Neurons are the chief cells of the nervous system. The junction between two neurons…

Q: In terms of brain development how have research findings on neuroplasticity changed our views about…

A: Neuroplasticity is the cortical plasticity or cortical re-mapping . Neuroplasticity refers to change…

Q: The medulla oblongata is one of the smallest sections of the brain. Why can damage to it cause…

A: The control and coordination of the body in humans occur by two systems: the nervous system and the…

Q: damage to the brain will always have lasting effects, but the timing of the damage is important. At…

A: Brain damage is one of leading cause of acquired disability and death in infants and children. Brain…

Q: Parkinson disease is the result of decreased levels of theneurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.…

A: DopamineIt is present in the brain of the majority of animals and they belong to a drug family…

Q: Explain why a damage to the hypothalamus may be detrimental than a damage to the other parts of the…

A: The human brain is the most complicated organ in the body. This three-pound organ is the seat of…

Q: If excitotoxicity is leading to neuronal death in various neurodegenerative diseases such as…

A: Glutamate excitotoxicity is one of the most important mechanisms known to trigger cell death in CNS…

Q: Explain these given terms pons, cerebellum and medulla

A: It includes the brain and the spinal cord which represent the main organs of the nervous system. The…

Q: CNS effects was most likely elicited by amobarbital? a. Antiparkinson b. Analgesic c. Anticonvulsant…

A: Amobarbital It is derived from barbiturate.  Indications  Anxiety Insomnia Epilepsy or status…

Q: What is Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)? What connection does it have to exercise, nature…

A: Introduction: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a signaling molecule that has been linked…

Q: Research now demonstrates that new neurons can form in the adult brain, although slowly. Based on…

A: For a very long time, it was believed that the human brain consists of a fixed number of brain…

Q: Both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons are cholinergic and secrete the…

A: The chemical messengers of the body are typically referred to as neurotransmitters. They are the…

Q: Horner’s syndrome is a condition that presents with changes in one eye, such as pupillary…

A: The damage that happens to the neural pathway of the sympathetic nervous system when it passes on to…

Q: Give an anatomical explanation of why a stroke in the right cerebral hemisphere can paralyze the…

A: Introduction: Stroke is a condition in which the supply of blood to the body part such as the brain…

Q: What would be the advantage to a wolf in having its sympathetic nervous system stimulate the…

A: The nervous system is a very complex organ system. The nervous system is divided into two major…

Q: Denise had a prescription for Xanax to treat her anxiety and help her sleep.What is the mechanism of…

A: Hello. Since you have posted multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you…

Q: parasympathetic nervous system. Why would you want to do this?

A: The parasympathetic systema nervosum is accountable for the body's rest and digestion response once…

Q: Which neurotransmitter is released by the somatic motor neurons and what type of effect does it…

A: Neurotransmitters are the body’s chemical messengers that are released by nerve cells and are…

Q: Describe the 3 functions stated in the lecture notes for the thalamus, especially its role as  a…

A: The thalamus is the paired oval masses of the brain's gray matter. It lies on each side of the third…

Q: Suppose some hypothetical disease prevented the formation of astrocytes in the fetal brain. How…

A: The human body comprises numerous organ systems that work in a coordinated manner to maintain normal…

Q: Explain how the five secondary brain vesicles arise from the neural tube.

A: The nervous framework is an exceptionally mind boggling part of a creature that organizes its…

Q: If a blood clot blocked a cerebral blood vessel supplying a small region of the right cerebral…

A: In human physiology, the cerebral cortex is defined as the main part of the cerebrum of the central…

Q: Explain the significance of the brain barrier system.

A: Blood-brain barrier is the highly selective border formed by endothelial cells in the brain. Brain…

Q: According to the five principles of functional organization apply to all mammalian and most…

A: The "nervous system", also known as the neural system, is a complicated network of neurons that are…

Q: Toxins from the cone snail block glutamate receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. What specifically…

A: In the nervous system, neurons communicate with each other by releasing chemical messengers in a…

Q: Name the two components of the brain barrier system and explain the importance of this system.

A: The brain is one of the largest and most complex three-pound organs in the human body enclosed in a…

Q: Prescription sleep aids, like Ambien, bind to inhibitory receptors onneurons. Explain how these…

A: The neuron is a basic functional unit of the nervous system and is the specialized cells of the…

Q: Due to a traumatic injury to Daniel's head, he has to go through a critical surgery where a part of…

A: Certain components of cerebrum and diencephalon constitute the limbic system. One of the main…

Q: All of the following are functions of the hypothalamus except a. controls endocrine system. b.…

A: The hypothalamus is considered to be a link structure between the nervous and the endocrine system,…

Q: If given the choice of treating Parkinson’s disease pharmacologically with L-Dopa or invasively…

A: Parkinson's disease is a neurological condition that causes tremors, stiffness, and difficulty…

Q: Here we got  a scenario of a patient with a lesion in the vermis ,a scenario of a patient with a…

A: The brain is the body's biggest and most complex organ, with about 100 billion nerve cells…

Q: Compare and contrast the amount of sleep infants, youngchildren, teenagers, and adults typically…

A: The reticular activating system processes different stimuli such as visual, auditory, or touch. It…

Q: The correct order of the meninges (from neural tissue to bone) is

A: The meninges are the connective tissue coverings of the brain and spinal cord. The primary function…

Q: Which of the following structures is NOT part of the basal ganglia? A. Putamen B. Hippocampus C.…

A: Basal ganglia are a cluster of subcortical structures mainly present in the cerebral cortex.They are…

Q: Imagine you are standing at a microphonein front of a crowd.Checking your notes,you begin…

A: The brain is the main part of the body that controls every action in our body. It is located in the…

Q: The motor division of the nervous system carries nerve impulses from:

A: The given question is about nervous system.

Q: List two autonomic responses that are controlled by nuclei in the hypothalamus.

A: The hypothalamus is a part of the brain that contains nuclei to perform a variety of functions.

Q: Narcolepsy is thought to occur from dysfunction of neurons located in the hypothalamus hippocampus…

A: Introduction - Narcolepsy is a persistent sleep condition marked by excessive daytime sleepiness and…

Q: region

A: Amgydala is thought to be the central part of the nervous system which is required for the…

Q: One type of poison arrow frog toxin binds specifically to nicotinic cholinergic receptors and causes…

A: The nicotinic cholinergic receptors are the type of receptor that responds to the neurotransmitter…

Q: If a patient was bitten by a poisonous spider (black widow) and the effects of its venom occurred at…

A: The neurons are the smallest units of the nervous system. they are the nerve cells that are involved…

Q: You are walking to class, pondering the intricacies of physiology, when you trip over an uneven…

A: The largest part of the brain is cerebrum. It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves, called the…

Q: Patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) will often reflexively respond to visual and…

A: Unresponsiveness wakefulness syndrome (UWS) occurs due to traumatic brain injury. It leads to brain…

Q: There are two divisions of the autonomic nervous system: Sympathetic and parasympathetic…

A: The nervous system and the endocrine system brings about control and coordination in humans.  The…

Sleep Physiology

Sleep is a condition of reduced muscle movement in the body. Awareness about the surroundings is reduced at the time of sleep. The body stays mildly responsive or non-responsive to external stimuli. The sleep-wake cycle is controlled by the circadian rhythm that produces a resting phase for the body.