https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/dose-makes-poison-gallery/This is the link to help out the worksheet. Thank you APESTOXI C OVERL OAD?Name:DE: Friday 4/22/22The Dose Makes the Poison Toxicology and the LD 50 bioassay.All substances, including the ones that we consider essential for life, such as water or sugar, can be toxic if too muchis consumed. When introducing new chemicals into the human environment, through industrial activities, new medications,cosmetics, cleaning products, and even fabric treatments, it is essential that scientists determine the dose at which thesechemicals can present a significant danger to human health. One method of determining a chemical's toxicity level is byperforming a test known as the LD50 bioassay. This test determines the median lethal dose of the chemical, which is thedose at which 50% of the animals being tested do not survive. Recent advances in LD50 testing have begun to evaluate anduse replacement alternatives to traditional mouse or rat models. These include various tests using human cells and tests thatrequire fewer animal models. Using human cells to test for lethal dose can be a better representation than an animal model,since an animal model does always extrapolate to a human. There are also on-going changes to the regulatory requirementsfor these various tests. Here's a reference article from the National Institutes of Health if you're interested.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6117820/An LD50 bioassay can be a good reference, but, of course, sensitivities differ among different people and is just oneway to test how toxic a substance is.Let's look at some different chemicals, their toxic levels, and how we might be exposed to them. Use the link "TheDose Makes the Poison" on the Environmental Health page on Canvas. It's from the American Chemical Council. Then,complete the graphs, calculations, and questions.Part One: Getting to Know Your Toxins11 Search the chemical formula for each of the following compounds and list it under Elementalmposition.CompoundElemental compositionSaltSodium FluorideAmmoniaFormaldehydeChlorine DioxideCaffeine2) Use the "The Dose Makes the Poison" to complete the following table.ItemPrimary route of exposureRegular level of exposureToxic LevelToothpasteEspressoaterAlcoholCaffeine ChlorineDioxidePolystyrenePart Two: Determining the LD50Here is an example LD50 dose responseDose-Response Graphcurve.3) The dose curve shown is for Drug X.Use the graph to determine the LD50 forChemical X.100O Data Point4) An LD50 bioassay is done for Drug Y,which is found to have an LD50 level ofLD505mg/kg. Would you consider this drug tobe more or less dangerous than Drug X?Explain.5101520253035Dose (mg/kg)Ton"Mg/kg" refers to the amount of thechemical in milligrams per kilogram ofbody weight of the subject.5) PREDICTION: The following compounds are chemicals a person may be exposed to in their everydaylife. Rank these substances 1-4 in order from least toxic to most toxic.AlcoholSodium Chloride (table salt)Sucrose (table sugar)NicotineData AnalysisNow that you are familiar with the process of determining the LD 50 level for a chemical, you will use thedata for different toxins in the table below. This data came from Lesson 2: The Dose Makes the Poisonthat is no longer supported. The data is based on how the dose affects the number of seeds thatgerminate. The simulation represented a dose-response seed germination experiment. The simulationexposed the seeds to successively weaker solutions and the number of seeds receiving a lethal dosewas counted. For each concentration, the data represents the percent of seeds NOT germinated.

Question

https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/dose-makes-poison-gallery/This is the link to help out the worksheet. Thank you APESTOXI C OVERL OAD?Name:DE: Friday 4/22/22The Dose Makes the Poison Toxicology and the LD 50 bioassay.All substances, including the ones that we consider essential for life, such as water or sugar, can be toxic if too muchis consumed. When introducing new chemicals into the human environment, through industrial activities, new medications,cosmetics, cleaning products, and even fabric treatments, it is essential that scientists determine the dose at which thesechemicals can present a significant danger to human health. One method of determining a chemical's toxicity level is byperforming a test known as the LD50 bioassay. This test determines the median lethal dose of the chemical, which is thedose at which 50% of the animals being tested do not survive. Recent advances in LD50 testing have begun to evaluate anduse replacement alternatives to traditional mouse or rat models. These include various tests using human cells and tests thatrequire fewer animal models. Using human cells to test for lethal dose can be a better representation than an animal model,since an animal model does always extrapolate to a human. There are also on-going changes to the regulatory requirementsfor these various tests. Here's a reference article from the National Institutes of Health if you're interested.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6117820/An LD50 bioassay can be a good reference, but, of course, sensitivities differ among different people and is just oneway to test how toxic a substance is.Let's look at some different chemicals, their toxic levels, and how we might be exposed to them. Use the link &#34;TheDose Makes the Poison&#34; on the Environmental Health page on Canvas. It's from the American Chemical Council. Then,complete the graphs, calculations, and questions.Part One: Getting to Know Your Toxins11 Search the chemical formula for each of the following compounds and list it under Elementalmposition.CompoundElemental compositionSaltSodium FluorideAmmoniaFormaldehydeChlorine DioxideCaffeine2) Use the &#34;The Dose Makes the Poison&#34; to complete the following table.ItemPrimary route of exposureRegular level of exposureToxic LevelToothpasteEspressoaterAlcoholCaffeine ChlorineDioxidePolystyrenePart Two: Determining the LD50Here is an example LD50 dose responseDose-Response Graphcurve.3) The dose curve shown is for Drug X.Use the graph to determine the LD50 forChemical X.100O Data Point4) An LD50 bioassay is done for Drug Y,which is found to have an LD50 level ofLD505mg/kg. Would you consider this drug tobe more or less dangerous than Drug X?Explain.5101520253035Dose (mg/kg)Ton&#34;Mg/kg&#34; refers to the amount of thechemical in milligrams per kilogram ofbody weight of the subject.5) PREDICTION: The following compounds are chemicals a person may be exposed to in their everydaylife. Rank these substances 1-4 in order from least toxic to most toxic.AlcoholSodium Chloride (table salt)Sucrose (table sugar)NicotineData AnalysisNow that you are familiar with the process of determining the LD 50 level for a chemical, you will use thedata for different toxins in the table below. This data came from Lesson 2: The Dose Makes the Poisonthat is no longer supported. The data is based on how the dose affects the number of seeds thatgerminate. The simulation represented a dose-response seed germination experiment. The simulationexposed the seeds to successively weaker solutions and the number of seeds receiving a lethal dosewas counted. For each concentration, the data represents the percent of seeds NOT germinated.

Accepted Answer

LD50 : it is defined as the lethal dose of the chemical in which it tells the amount of dose at…