As discussed in the chapter, many species of bats find flying insects by emitting pulses of ultrasound and listening for the reflections. This technique is called echolocation. Bats possess several adaptations that allow them to echolocate very effectively. Although we can’t hear them, the ultrasonic pulses are very loud. In order not to be deafened by the sound they emit, bats can temporarily turn off their hearing. Muscles in the ear cause the bones in their middle ear to separate slightly, so that they don’t transmit vibrations to the inner ear. After an ultrasound pulse ends, a bat can hear an echo from an object a minimum of1 m away. Approximately how much time after a pulse is emitted is the bat ready to hear its echo?A. 0.5 ms B. 1 ms C. 3 ms D. 6 ms
Properties of sound
A sound wave is a mechanical wave (or mechanical vibration) that transit through media such as gas (air), liquid (water), and solid (wood).
Quality Of Sound
A sound or a sound wave is defined as the energy produced due to the vibrations of particles in a medium. When any medium produces a disturbance or vibrations, it causes a movement in the air particles which produces sound waves. Molecules in the air vibrate about a certain average position and create compressions and rarefactions. This is called pitch which is defined as the frequency of sound. The frequency is defined as the number of oscillations in pressure per second.
Categories of Sound Wave
People perceive sound in different ways, like a medico student takes sound as vibration produced by objects reaching the human eardrum. A physicist perceives sound as vibration produced by an object, which produces disturbances in nearby air molecules that travel further. Both of them describe it as vibration generated by an object, the difference is one talks about how it is received and other deals with how it travels and propagates across various mediums.
As discussed in the chapter, many species of bats find flying insects by emitting pulses of ultrasound and listening for the reflections. This technique is called echolocation. Bats possess several adaptations that allow them to echolocate very effectively.
Although we can’t hear them, the ultrasonic pulses are very loud. In order not to be deafened by the sound they emit, bats can temporarily turn off their hearing. Muscles in the ear cause the bones in their middle ear to separate slightly, so that they don’t transmit vibrations to the inner ear. After an ultrasound pulse ends, a bat can hear an echo from an object a minimum of
1 m away. Approximately how much time after a pulse is emitted is the bat ready to hear its echo?
A. 0.5 ms B. 1 ms C. 3 ms D. 6 ms
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