Assume that the economy is in a recession and the government is experiencing a budget deficit. What happens if balanced-budget fiscal policy is used to eliminate the deficit? O a. Unemployment will fall. O b. GDP will rise. O c. The deficit could be eliminated if GDP rose. d. Government spending will fall.

Assume that the economy is in a recession and the government is experiencing a budget deficit. What happens if balanced-budget fiscal policy is used to eliminate the deficit? O a. Unemployment will fall. O b. GDP will rise. O c. The deficit could be eliminated if GDP rose. d. Government spending will fall.

Brief Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781337091985

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter18: Six Debates Over Macroeconomic Policy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 6PA

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If the government were to try to offset surplus years with deficit years over the business cycle, this would result in O A. a reduction in investment capital. O B. a higher debt-to-GDP ratio. OC. an annually balanced budget. O D. a structurally balanced budget. O E. a cyclically balanced budget.
A. Calculate the levels of consumption and savings that occurs when the economy is in equilibrium. B. Computer the government budget deficit in this economy. C. If government spending in banana land increases by $1000 what is the amount of the increase in equilibrium output? D. If taxes in banana land decrease by $1000 what is the new equilibrium output in this economy? E. To keep the government budget balanced, of both government spending and taxes in banana land increase by $1000 what is the change in equilibrium income level?
a) Suppose that there are no crowding-out effects and the MPC is 0.8. By how much must the government increase expenditures shift the aggregate-demand curve right $10 billion? b. The model of Long-run Growth, proposes that fiscal policy can have lasting effects on savings, investment, and economic growth. On the other hand, the model of Aggregate Demand-Aggregate Supply suggests that the only long run effect of fiscal policy is an increase in the price level. How could you use the Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply model for a more accurate description of the short-run and long-run effects of an increase in government spending? Could you distinguish between different uses of government expenditures to predict their effects on prices and output?
This problem gets at the question of whether a government can run a budget deficit forever. For a government to avoid defaulting on its debt, it has to ensure its Debt/GDP ratio doesn’t get too big. Assume that ratio is not too big in the US right now, even though it’s about 100%.a) US nominal GDP has been rising by about 4% in recent years. Assume that continues. How much can US government debt rise each year in percent and keep the Debt/GDP ratio constant? b) If US government debt equaled $23 trillion at the start of this year, how big of a budget deficit could the US government run in dollars this year and still keep its Debt/GDP ratio constant?
A: What are the three fiscal policy tools? B: How would change each tool if your goal was to reduce unemployment? C: How would you reduce each tool if your goal was to reduce inflation? D: Supply shocks cause both unemployment and inflation to increase. Given the results in B and C can fiscal policy be used successfully to reduce both inflation and unemployment at the same time? Explain!
7). Spending promises made by govemments that are effectively a debt despite the fact that they are non included in the usual debt statistics. O. enhancement debt O. foreign liabilities O. implicit liabilities O. inordinate debt 8). When the interest on government debt drives the debt level even higher. O. debt spiral O. debt vibration O. debt revolution O. debt ordinance
1. If the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8 in an economy, a $20 billion rise in Incomes will do what to GDP? (Tell if it will increase or decrease GDP, and by how much.) 2. Suppose that the level of government spending increased by $100 billion where the marginal propensity to consume is 0.5. Aggregate expenditures must have increased by: 3. The Government has a $.8 Trillion Growth target. What fiscal policy should they implement if MPS = .2?
Suppose the government's present value of current and projected future outlays is 75 percent of GDP and its present value of current and projected future revenues is 50 percent of GDP. What gap does this describe, and what is the size of the gap? This information describes the _______. A. fiscal gap, which is 25 percent of GDP B. generational gap, which is 25 percent of GDP C. fiscal gap, which is 125 percent of GDP D. fiscal gap, which is – 25 percent of GDP
Suppose a government has no debt and a balanced budget. Suddenly it decides tospend $10 billion while raising only $8 billion worth of taxes.a) What will be the government's deficit?b) If the government finances the deficit by issuing bonds, what amount of bonds will itissue?c) At a 10 percent rate of interest, how much interest will the government pay eachyear?d) If this same budget deficit occurs for a second year, what would the national debtbecome? And at a 10 percent rate of interest, now how much interest would have to bepaid by the government each year?
3. a. Suppose that in a year when GDP is rising rapidly you also observe theGovernment budget balance increasing. How can you explain this correlation? b. Now suppose instead that in a year when GDP is rising rapidly you also observethe Government budget balance decreasing. How can you explain this correlation?
Suppose the federal government gives taxpayers a tax cut financed by borrowing. If taxpayers their debts, total spending will: O decrease. O first increase and then decrease. O increase. O remain unchanged.
(a) Assume Consumption (C) is given by the equation C = 500 + 0.6(Y – T). Taxes (T) are equal to 600. Government spending is equal to 1,000. Investment is given by the equation I = 2,160 – 100r, where r = the real interest rate = 13 percent. In this case, what is the equilibrium Gross Domestic Product (GDP)/Total output (Y)/Total income? How does the equilibrium income change if government designs and executes expansionary fiscal policy? Show graphically and mathematically.