Assume that the oil extraction company needs to extract Q units of oil (a depletable resource) reserve in a dynamically efficient manner. What should be a minimum amount of a so that the oil reserve extraction can last for at least 10 periods if (a) the marginal willingness to pay for oil in each period is given by P20-0.2q, (b) marginal cost of extraction is constant at $3 per unit, and (c) discount rate is 2 %? 22
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- Assume that the oil extraction company needs to extract Q units of oil (a depletable resource) reserve between two periods in a dynamically efficient manner. What should be a maximum amount of Q so that the entire oil reserve is extracted only during the 1st period if (a) the marginal willingness to pay for oil in each period is given by P = 34 - 0.2q, (b) marginal cost of extraction is constant at $3 per unit, and (c) discount rate is 2%?Suppose the Marginal Benefit and Marginal Cost for crude oil at any given period is: MB = 159 - 2.1Q and MC=36 + 0.9Q Where price is measured in dollars and quantity is measured in barrels. The total oil reserve is 50 tons. What is the Optimal barrels of oil that should be extracted in the current period (suppose we don’t need to be concerned with any future periods)?Suppose a firm is facing a two-period (t = 0, 1) depletable resource (e.g., oil) extraction problem. The inverse demand function of the resource is Pt=20–0.5Qt ; marginal extraction cost is MCt = $5/unit; resource stock is Q = 20 units and interest rate is r = 50%. a) Write down the firm’s objective and efficiency condition. Using diagrams for this problem, calculate the dynamically efficient extractions, marginal user costs, present value of scarcity rents, and present value of total net benefits for the two periods.
- A local restaurateur who had been running a profitable business for many years, recently purchased a three-way liquor license. This on-premise license gives the owner the legal right to sell beer, wine, and spirits in her restaurant. The cost of obtaining the three-way license was about $90,000, since only 300 such licenses are issued by the state. While the license is transferable, only $75,000 is refundable if the owner chooses not to use the license. After selling alcoholic beverages for about one year, the restaurateur came to the realization that she was losing dining customers and that her profitable restaurant was turning into a noisy, unprofitable bar. Subsequently, she spent about $8,000 placing advertisements in various newspapers and restaurant magazines across the state offering to sell the license for $80,000. After a long wait, she finally received one offer to purchase her license for $77,000. a) Would you recommend that she accept the $77,000 offer? b) The restaurateur…A local restaurateur who had been running a profitable business for many years recently purchased a three-way liquor license. This license gives the owner the legal right to sell beer, wine, and spirits in her restaurant. The cost of obtaining the three-way license was about $90,000, since only 300 such licenses are issued by the state. While the license is transferable, only $75,000 is refundable if the owner chooses not to use the license. After selling alcoholic beverages for about one year, the restaurateur came to the realization that she was losing dinner customers and that her profitable restaurant was turning into a noisy, unprofitable bar. Subsequently, she spent about $8,000 placing advertisements in various newspapers and restaurant magazines across the state offering to sell the license for $80,000. After a long wait, she finally received one offer to purchase her license for $77,000. What is your opinion of the restaurateur’s decisions? Would you recommend that she accept…Burlington Motor Carriers, a trucking company, is considering the installation of a two-way mobile satellite messaging service on its 2,000 trucks. From tests done last year on 120 trucks, the company found that satellite messaging could cut 60% of its $5 million bill for long-distance communications with truck drivers. More importantly, the drivers who used this system reduced the number of "deadhead" miles-those driven without paying loads-by 0.5%. Applying that improvement to all 230 million miles covered by the Burlington fleet each year would produce an extra $1.25 million in savings. Equipping all 2,000 trucks with the satellite hookup will require an investment of $8 million and the construction of a message-relaying system costing $2 million. The equipment and onboard devices will have a service life of eight years and negligible salvage value; they will be depreciated under the five-year MACRS class. Burlington's marginal tax rate is about 38%, and its required minimum…
- You have been asked to evaluate whether a project to preserve an area of forest should go ahead or whether the land should be converted to agriculture. The net benefits of ecosystem goods and services have been valued over the next four years at R6000, R10 000, R14 000 and R22 000 respectively. The immediate cost of preserving the forest is R23 500. Assume that MWTP = 90 - 3Q and MC = 10 + 2Q. The discount rate is 7%.Many states are now imposing severance taxes on resources being extracted within their borders. How is an increasing marginal extraction cost (over time) of depeletable resource by the imposition of severance taxes compared to the case without taxes? A. Marginal extraction cost increases due to the imposition of severance taxes B. Marginal extraction cost decreases due to the imposition of severance taxes C. Marginal extraction cost with severance taxes stays the same as the case without taxesSuppose there is a public park. The annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. Visiting the park is free, and it is visited 210,000 times every year. However, to fund better maintenance of the park, the government wants to make visitors pay $4.70 per visit. Implementing a security system (to prevent visitors from sneaking into the park) will cost $0.50 per visit and $260,000 in annual fixed expenditures. At the same time, maintenance costs are expected to rise by 23%, not including security costs. The number of visits to the park is expected to fall by 34%
- Suppose the government is trying to determine how to deal with pesticide contamination of its water supply. It wants to undertake a benefit-cost analysis of two alternative policy options for controlling pesticides: Upgrade its municipal water treatment plant to remove the pesticides, or Banning the use of the offending pesticides in the metropolitan area. Assume that either techniques reduces pesticides to a level which does not adversely affect human health. The cost of these control options are as follows: Municipal treatment upgrades: Capital Costs = $9 million. The new plant is constructed over one year. It starts operating at the beginning of year two. Once the plant begins operation, it has operating costs of $1 million per year. Once constructed, the plant lasts for 5 years, then it must be replaced with a new plant. Pesticide Ban: Annual operating costs due to substitution of non-toxic methods of controlling “pests” = $4 million per year. These costs would last forever. The…Suppose the government is trying to determine how to deal with pesticide contamination of its water supply. It wants to undertake a benefit-cost analysis of two alternative policy options for controlling pesticides: Upgrade its municipal water treatment plant to remove the pesticides, or Banning the use of the offending pesticides in the metropolitan area. Assume that either techniques reduces pesticides to a level which does not adversely affect human health. The cost of these control options are as follows: Municipal treatment upgrades: Capital Costs = $9 million. The new plant is constructed over one year. It starts operating at the beginning of year two. Once the plant begins operation, it has operating costs of $1 million per year. Once constructed, the plant lasts for 5 years, then it must be replaced with a new plant. Pesticide Ban: Annual operating costs due to substitution of non-toxic methods of controlling “pests” = $4 million per year. These costs would last forever. The…As an energy source, fossil fuels have had an advantage because of their ["low", "high"] cost and relatively high ["availability", "net energy", "suitability"] , a measure of available energy after accounting for the energy involved in extraction and production. This has resulted in approximately ["60", "40", "80", "20"] percent of the world’s energy currently being provided by fossil fuels.