At the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown. Several white mice from the brown mice population are relocated to a region where it snows more often than their previous habitat. The population of white mice increase in this area where mice did not live before. What evolutionary concept is being illustrated? Genetic drift Bottleneck effect Natural selection Sympatric speciation

At the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown. Several white mice from the brown mice population are relocated to a region where it snows more often than their previous habitat. The population of white mice increase in this area where mice did not live before. What evolutionary concept is being illustrated? Genetic drift Bottleneck effect Natural selection Sympatric speciation

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter11: Evolution And Its Processes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7RQ: In which of the following pairs do both evolutionary processes introduce new genetic variation into...

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Consider the following example. In Alaska, different individuals of foxes can be brown, white, grey or black. In 2018, the population was 25% brown fur, 25% white fur, 25% grey fur and 25% black fur. The polar vortex in 2019 killed many of the foxes. When scientists measured the frequencies of foxes in 2023, they found that 50% were brown, 25% were white and 25% were black. Which force of evolution has occurred? A. Founder Effect B. Gene Flow C. Population Bottleneck D. Mutation
At the edge of the Arctic Circle, owls prey on field mice. Occasionally, in a litter of white field mice, a brown mouse appears. Because of greenhouse warming, the snow melts, changing the environment to shades of brown. What process causes the population to change colors? artificial selection natural selection migration behavioral isolation
What is an example of how migration causes changes in gene frequencies? Genetic material can become lost over time due to lack of reproduction when animals migrate. When animals migrate, their genes mutate on their own, changing the frequency that a gene allele shows up. When animals migrate, the mating becomes less random, causing inbreeding and, therefore, shifts in the proportion of alleles. Seeds of plants are carried to different locations and introduced to a new population, adding their own genetic material and, therefore, changing gene frequencies.
The domestication or breeding of animals to have as pets, livestock on farms, or for work purposes is a form of artificial selection. Charles Darwin used these practices to support his theory of species change by natural selection. How is artificial selection similar to natural selection? When animals with favorable traits are bred with animals with unfavorable traits, the offspring will have favorable traits, so breeders were changing species by removing certain traits. For artificial selection to work, only the strong survive to reproduce. By breeding animals with specific traits, breeders were able to produce a wide variety of breeds within a short period of time. Artificial selection involves breeding two different species and determining if a hybrid organism can be produced.
Which scenario would most likely result in genetic drift? When predators are removed from an island, the island's population of finches grows larger. Climate change causes the arctic habitat of a population of ringed seals to become gradually warmer. Several individuals in a population of wolves are killed by ranchers when they attack a herd of cattle. A population of moose living at the base of a volcano is nearly wiped out when the volcano erupts.
Genetic drift differs from gene flow in that Group of answer choices genetic drift occurs at a steady, but low, rate in all populations while gene flow is largely random event occurring in small populations. genetic drift is most likely to produce a loss of genetic diversity in a population whereas gene flow will often increase genetic diversity in a population. none of these choices adequately describe the difference between genetic drift and gene flow. genetic drift is based on female choice of particular mates but gene flow is largely a product of natural selection.
A population of 600 scorpions was split into four populations when irrigation canals were built through their habitat. The four new populations were called the Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western populations. Each new population consisted of about 150 individuals. The four populations continued to evolve, and no migration occurred among populations. One hundred generations later, each population still has about 150 individuals, and a biologist investigates them. Consider what a biologist expect to see in the four populations after 100 generations if the environment did not change for any of the populations. Would the biologist agree or disagree with the following statements? a) In the smaller populations of 150 individuals, the processes leading to genetic drift could have a stronger influence on a gene than natural selection. agree or disagree b)Chance survival of some individuals occurred in some generations, but not every generation. agree or disagee c)Beneficial mutations…
Consider this example. On a tropical island, there are iguanas that are green, blue, and yellow. The green iguanas can camouflage in the green grass, the yellow iguanas can camouflage in the dry, yellow grass. And the blue iguanas try to run fast to get away from prey. Over time, the blue iguanas disappear on the island, while the green and yellow iguanas survive. What type of natural selection is this? A. Balancing or Stabilizing selection B. Disruptive or Diversifying selection C. Directional selection D. Sexual selection
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the effects of genetic drift on a population? a. Populations of the same size will follow the same evolutionary trajectory when evolving due to drift. b. Genetic drift has the potential to drive evolution in all populations. c. Allele frequencies in a population of infinite size will ultimately drift to fixation or loss. d. The loss of otters in California due to excessive hunting cause a founder effect.
In which of the following pairs do both evolutionary processes introduce new genetic variation into a population? a. natural selection and genetic drift b. mutation and gene flow c. natural selection and gene flow d. gene flow and genetic drift
A population of birds lives on a mountain. In this population, there are red-winged birds, orange-winged birds, and blue-winged birds. A predatory snake eats more of the blue-winged birds because they are not well camouflaged on the red and orange plants that grow on the mountain. This is an example of which mechanism of evolution? Group of answer choices Gene flow Cryptic coloration Natural selection Sexual selection Genetic drift
The following table provides phenotypic data for a population of mammoths living in cold environments based on fossil and DNA evidence. Based on this data and your knowledge of natural selection, which explanation best explains the trends seen in the data? Individuals with thicker fur had a survival advantage in the cold environment, allowing these individuals to reproduce more often and create more offspring. Individuals within this population of mammoths tend to only mate with individuals that have thick fur. This population of mammoths appear to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium since no allele frequencies are changing over time. Individuals with thick fur migrated into the population of mammoths, increasing the proportion of these individuals.