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- Why do small planets cool faster than large planets? Choose any twoof the five Terrestrial worlds and calculate for each one the ratio ofits surface area to its volume. Why is this ratio important? (Hint: Doesthis ratio have anything to do with the ability of a planet to loseinternal heat?) (Note: The surface area of a sphere is 4πr2, and thevolume of a sphere is 4/3 πr3.)The management recognizes that the present worth of the cogeneration plant is quite sensitive to the savings in electricity costs, the MARR, and the initial costs. Since there is some uncertainty about these estimates, the company wants to explore further the impact of changes in these parameters on the viability of the project. You are to carry out a break-even analysis for each of these parameters to find out what range of values results in a viable project (i.e., PW > 0) and to determine the “break-even” parameter values that make the present worth of the project zero. How much of a drop in the cost of natural gas will result in the heat exchange units having a present worth of zero? Construct a break-even graph to illustrate this break-even costLilly Corporation developed a new process that could be used to make oil out of riverwater. The equipment required is quite expensive, but it would, in time, lead to low prices for gasoline, electricity, and other types of energy. What effect would this have on interest rates?
- Waste Management Inc. is analyzing an average-risk project, and the following data have been developed. Unit sales will be constant, but the sales price will increase with inflation. Fixed costs will also be constant, but variable costs will rise with inflation. The project should last for 3 years, and there will be no salvage value. This is just one project for the firm, so any losses can be used to offset gains on other firm projects. What is the project's expected NPV? IRR? Would you accept this project? WACC 9.50% Net investment cost (depreciable basis) $100,000 Units sold 40,000 Average price per unit, Year 1 $25.00 Fixed op. cost excl. depr'n (constant) $150,000 Variable op. cost/unit, Year 1 $20.20 Annual depreciation rate 33.33% Expected inflation 5.00% Tax rate 40.0% Please show work.Suppose the Marginal Benefit and Marginal Cost for crude oil at any given period is: MB = 159 - 2.1Q and MC=36 + 0.9Q Where price is measured in dollars and quantity is measured in barrels. The total oil reserve is 100 tons. What will be the socially efficient quantity for period 1?1. What is sensitivity analysis? 2. Perform a sensitvity analysis on the unit sales, salvage value, and WACC for a project. Assume that each of these variables deviates from its base-case, or expected value by plus or minus 10%, 20%, and 30%.The base case value for unit sales is 150,000. Calculate NPV for each case (18 NPV in total), then draw a graph with three lines (one for unit sales, one for salvage value, and one for WACC). At the end, perform a sensitivity analysis for the project (what you have seen, what conclusions you can make?). 3. What is the primary weakness of sensitvity analysis? What are its primary advantages?
- - If the CFs in this problem were part of a Net Present Value (NPV) calculation, what would be the NPV of this calculation? - Calculate the PV of CFs? Years: 0 1 2 3 4 5 CF $s (10000) 1500 1500 3000 4500 5000 Rate: 12.00% If the CFs in this problem were part of a Net Present Value (NPV) calculation, what would be the NPV of this calculation? Calculate the PV of the CFsSuppose you are a regulator considering applying a technology standard to automobile manufacturers. This standard would require a 10 million dollar investment by the manufacturers, but each year it would reduce total carbon emissions by 10,000 tons. Using a social cost of carbon of $75, a 3% discount rate, and considering only the next twenty years, what is the NPV of applying this standard? (Assume the investment is made immediately and then benefits of carbon emissions are received at the end of year1, 2, ... and year 20. Round to the nearest whole number.)Suppose a world has two risky assets: HotPot and IceCream. The following table shows the holding period returns in each scenario. Suppose the T-bill rate is 5%. Scenario Probability Return (HotPot) Return (IceCream) Rainy 0.02 10% -5% Snowy 0.03 15% -15% Windy 0.9 10% 8% Sunny 0.05 -10% 25% Using the information as in QUESTION 9. Which answer is the closest value to the correlation between HotPot and IceCream? A. -0.6 B. -0.5 C. -0.7 D. -0.8
- What would the capital investment amount for pump SP240 have to be such that the firm would be indifferent as to which pump model isselected? You are a member of an engineering project team that is designing a new processing facility. Your present design task involves the portion of the catalytic system that requires pumping a hydrocarbon slurry that is corrosive and contains abrasive particles. For final analysis and comparison, you have selected two fully lined slurry pump units, of equal output capacity, from different manufacturers. Each unit has a large diameter impeller required and an integrated electric motor with solid-state controls. Both units will provide the same level of service (support) to the catalytic system but have different useful lives and costs. The new processing facility is needed by your firm at least as far into the future as the strategic plan forecasts operating requirements. The MARR is 20% per year. Based on this information, which slurry pump should you…Which of the following statements is correct? Group of answer choices All of these statements are false. If the Federal Reserve Board lowered interest rates, this would, other things held constant, tend to favor short-term as opposed to long-term projects. Large costs occur at the end of nuclear power plants' lives because these plants have to be closed down, and shutdown costs are high due to the difficulty of handling radioactive materials. For this reason, it is possible that a nuclear plant project could have two IRRs. For NPV versus IRR ranking conflicts to occur, the projects under consideration must have NPV profiles which cross one another. Crossing profiles can occur only if the two projects differ in the size of the required investment outlay.Suppose a firm is considering two mutually exclusive projects. One has alife of 6 years and the other a life of 10 years. Would the failure to employsome type of replacement chain analysis bias an NPV analysis against oneof the projects? Explain.