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- Determine the rate of radiant heat emission in watts per square meter from a blackbody at (a) 15C, (b) 600C, and (c) 5700C.Two large parallel plates with surface conditions approximating those of a blackbody are maintained at 816C and 260C, respectively. Determine the rate of heat transfer by radiation between the plates in W/m2 and the radiative heat transfer coefficient in W/m2K.The basal metabolic rate isthe rate at which energy is produced in the body when a person is at rest.A 75 kg (165 lb) person of height 1.83 m (6 ft) has a body surface areaof approximately 2.0 m2. (a) What is the net amount of heat this personcould radiate per second into a room at 18°C (about 65°F) if his skin’ssurface temperature is 30°C? (At such temperatures, nearly all the heatis infrared radiation, for which the body’s emissivity is 1.0, regardless ofthe amount of pigment.) (b) Normally, 80% of the energy produced bymetabolism goes into heat, while the rest goes into things like pumpingblood and repairing cells. Also normally, a person at rest can get rid ofthis excess heat just through radiation. Use your answer to part (a) to findthis person’s basal metabolic rate.
- •A thin disk-shaped wafer (diameter-=30cm) is maintained at T=100oC. The wafer loses heat to the room by convection and radiation from its upper surface while heat is supplied constantly from below. Assuming the surrounding air at 20oC and all surrounding surfaces (isothermal/blackbodies) at T=15oC. How much heat (in W) must be supplied to the wafer? h wafer-air= 30W/m2K Emissivity of wafer’s surface(gray body)=0.85Liquid nitrogen is stored in a spherical tank of 1-m diameter, where tank surface is maintained uniformly at 80 K. The spherical tank is enclosed by a 1.6-m diameter concentric sphere with uniform surface temperature of 273 K. Both spherical surfaces have an emissivity of 0.01, and the gap between the inner sphere and outer sphere is vacuumed. Determine the rate of vaporization for the liquid nitrogen.A sphere has a radius of 0.100 m. Its surface can be treated as a greysurface with emissivity 0.20 and a uniform temperature of 19 degrees C. It isplaced in a room where the room surfaces are at an averagetemperature of 18 degrees C. The air in the room is at 20 degrees C. Determine the totalheat transfer rate to/from the sphere if its convective heat transfercoefficient is 3.0 W/m^2K. (The surface area of a sphere is 4πr^2.) The answer is 0.236W Equations to help: Heat Transfer by convection: Q = Ahc(Tf-Ts) Heat Transfer by radiation: Q = Aεσ(T^4(1)-T^4(2))
- A long, horizontal, cylindrical steel reactor, 1 m in diameter, has a surface temperature of 300ºC. The emissivity of the steel is 0.6, and the heat transfer coefficient for natural convection is 5 W m−2 K−1 . Heat is lost by convection to the air at 15ºC, and also by radiation to the surroundings, which can be considered to be a black body at 15ºC. a) Calculate the total heat loss per metre length of the reactor, and the proportions lost by convection and radiation. b) The reactor is then insulated with a thin layer of insulation material to reduce the total heat loss to one-tenth of its original value. This causes the surface temperature of the steel to rise to 400ºC. The thermal conductivity of the insulation is 0.01 W m−1 K−1 , and its surface emissivity is 0.2. Show that the resulting surface temperature of the insulation is about 89ºC, and calculate the thickness of insulation required, stating any assumptions made. can you solve part b please?A long, horizontal, cylindrical steel reactor, 1 m in diameter, has a surface temperature of 300ºC. The emissivity of the steel is 0.6, and the heat transfer coefficient for natural convection is 5 W m−2 K−1 . Heat is lost by convection to the air at 15ºC, and also by radiation to the surroundings, which can be considered to be a black body at 15ºC. a) Calculate the total heat loss per metre length of the reactor, and the proportions lost by convection and radiation b) The reactor is then insulated with a thin layer of insulation material to reduce the total heat loss to one-tenth of its original value. This causes the surface temperature of the steel to rise to 400ºC. The thermal conductivity of the insulation is 0.01 W m−1 K−1 , and its surface emissivity is 0.2. Show that the resulting surface temperature of the insulation is about 89ºC, and calculate the thickness of insulation required, stating any assumptions made. Specifically need help with part bA 5-m-internal-diameter spherical tank made of 1.5-cm-thick stainless steel (k = 15 W/m-°C) is used to store iced water at 0°C. The tank is located in a room whose temperature is 30°C. The walls of the room are also at 30°C. The outer surface of the tank is gray (emissivity = 0.9), and heat transfer between the outer surface of the tank and the surroundings is by natural convection and radiation. The convection heat transfer coefficients at the inner and the outer surfaces of the tank are 80 W/m²-°C and 10 W/m²-°C, respectively. Determine the amount of ice at 0°C that melts during a 24-h period. The heat of fusion of water at atmospheric pressure is hfg = 333.7 kJ/kg.\ ANSWER:_____kg
- An astronaut performing an extra-vehicular activity(space walk) shaded from the Sun is wearing a spacesuitthat can be approximated as perfectly white (e = 0) exceptfor a 5 cm × 8 cm patch in the form of the astronaut’snational flag. The patch has emissivity 0.300. The spacesuitunder the patch is 0.500 cm thick, with a thermalconductivity k = 0.0600 W/m °C , and its inner surface isat a temperature of 20.0 °C . What is the temperature of thepatch, and what is the rate of heat loss through it? Assumethe patch is so thin that its outer surface is at the sametemperature as the outer surface of the spacesuit under it.Also assume the temperature of outer space is 0 K. You willget an equation that is very hard to solve in closed form,so you can solve it numerically with a graphing calculator,with software, or even by trial and error with a calculator.A thin vertical copper plate is subjected to a uniform heat flux of 1000 W/m2 on one side, while the other side is exposed to ambient surrounding at 5°C. The surface of the plate is oxidized black and can be treated as a blackbody. The heat transfer coefficient due to natural convection on the plate surface is 5.3 W/m2?K. Determine the surface temperature of the plate. Discuss the contribution of the net radiation heat transfer on the total heat loss from the plate.Using a polynomial equation solver, determine the steady-state surface temperature (Ts) of the passive radiative cooler below that is exposed to a windy convective enviroment h=40 W/m2*K and T∞= 25°C. The surrounding atmosphere is fixed at Tsur= 10°C. Set up the energy balance/conservation equation.