Auniopa bond service has tree ritng categories A. B and C) Suppose that in the past year, of the municipal tonds issuod thoughout a country, 20 were rated A, 10% wee rated B and 20% were rated C. Of the muniipal bonds caind A, 40 were issued try cbes 40% by sutubs, nd 20% by rural areas Of the municipal bonds rated B. 00% were issued by cites 10% by suturbs and 30% by rurat areas. Of the municipal boods rated C 00 wre ued by cites % by uburbs and % by rural aas Compiete (a) theough (0) below ala new muniopal bond is to be issued by a city what is the probablity that t wil receive an A rating? Round to trvee decinal places as needed) b. What proportion of municpal bonds are issued by otbes? (Round to three decimal piaces as needed.)
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- 13.3 Ganado’s Cost of Capital. Maria Gonzalez now estimates Ganado’s risk-free rate to be 3.60%, the company’s credit risk premium is 4.40%, the domestic beta is estimated at 1.05, the international beta is estimated at 0.85, and the company’s capital structure is now 30% debt. All other values remain the same as those presented in this chapter in the section “Sample Calculation: Ganado’s Cost of Capital.” For both the domestic CAPM and ICAPM, calculate the following: Sample Calculation: Ganado’s Cost of Capital Maria Gonzalez, Ganado’s chief financial officer, wants to calculate the company’s weighted average cost of capital in both forms, the traditional CAPM and also ICAPM. Maria assumes the risk-free rate of interest as 4%, using the U.S. government 10-year Treasury bond rate. The expected rate of return of the market portfolio is assumed to be 9%, the expected rate of return on the market portfolio held by a well-diversified domestic investor. Ganado’s estimate of…PMF, Inc., is equally likely to have EBIT this coming year of $10 million, $15 million, or $20 million. It's corporate tax rate is 40%, and investors pay a 10% tax rate on income from equity and a 40% tax rate on interest income. What is the interest tax shield if PMF has interest expenses of $5 million this coming year? A. $2 million B. $4 million C. $0.3 million D. $2.25 millionFirms A and B are identical except for their capital structure. A carries no debt, whereas B carries £60m of debt on which it pays a 5% interest rate. Assume no transaction costs, no taxes and risk-free debt. The relevant numbers are provided in the following table (in £ m): A B Value of Firm 100 120 Debt 0 60 Equity 100 60 Projected earnings before interest 12 12 Interest payment 0 3 Interest rate Not Applicable 5% Please answer the following questions a) "The situation described in the table is consistent with the absence of arbitrage opportunities". True or False (T/F)? b) Which one of the two firms is relatively overvalued (A/B)? c) "B's shares carry more risk than A's shares". True or False (T/F)? d) What is the return to an investor holding a 10% stake in B (in £ '000)? e) Consider an investor who wants to purchase a 20% stake in A. If he wished to replicate B's capital structure through homemade leverage,…
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- Please answer the question Minimum 150 words What the tax shield is ? Why it is important in terms of capital structure decision making ?Consider price quotes and characteristics for two different bonds:Bond A Bond BCoupon Payment Annual AnnualMaturity 3 years 3 yearsCoupon Rate 10% 6%Yield to Maturity 10.65% 10.75%Price 98.40 88.34At the same time, you observe the spot rates for the next three years:Term Spot (Zero-Coupon) Rates1 year 5%2 years 8%3 years 11%Demonstrate whether the price for either of these bonds is consistent with the quotedspot rates. Under these conditions, recommend whether Bond A or Bond B appears tobe the better purchase.Toby registered a private company, Four Star Sdn Bhd, in 2010 to manufactureand export solar panel. In January 2017, he decided to expand his business andopen factories in Penang and Selangor to increase the production and meet theincreasing demand. However, he had difficulties finding capital for his newfactories and raw materials which amounted to 50 million. On the advice of hisfriend, Toby decided to offer his company shares to the public.Based on the above facts: a. Define the meaning of “private company”.b. Compare and contrast between a public and private company.c. Explain briefly the advantages of having a public company.
- Consider company ABC. Today it is 1st of January 2023 and ABC has just paid a dividend of £3 million. The expected earnings of ABC for the next 30 years are forecast to grow at a rate of 15% per annum. From 1st of January 2053 and onwards the earnings of ABC are expected to grow at a rate of 5%. The required rate of return of ABC is 12% per annum. The current dividend policy of ABC is such that they pay out 50% of its earnings as dividends (assume that they pay their dividends on 1st of January every year). a) Suppose that the dividend payout ratio is expected to stay constant in the future. What is the value of ABC stock? Show and explain your calculations and any assumptions you make. b) Just after the dividend payment on 1st of January 2043, ABC is planning to reduce their dividends and only pay out 40% of its earnings. What is the value of ABC under the new dividend policy? c) Provide a recommendation to the management of ABC as to whether they should increase/cut back on…N3 The retirement income payable from which of the following retirement income benefit programs is independent of the performance of any underlying investinent portlolio? A. RRSP B. CPP c. DCPP D. TFSA6 The economic analysis of a project foresees annual investments equal to R$300,000,000.00, over three years of construction, followed by a very long period, which can be considered infinite, with an annual revenue of R$300,000,000.00 and annual operating costs (including taxes) of BRL 120,000,000.00. Obtain the net present value (NPV) of this project, in the year of the first investment, considering the minimum rate of attractiveness equal to 12% per year.