Based on your analysis of the following graph and accompanying cladogram (species have been assigned letters A, B, C, D, E, and F), Which of the following statements is TRUE? 25 A B D F -15 -10 5 10 20 Average winter temperature (°C) Phylogeny of species Fur thickness in all 6 of these closely related species is most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "A", "B" and "C" are most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "D", "E" and "F" are most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "A", "B" and "C" are most likely a result of Physiological Convergence. Similarity in fur thickness between species "A" and "D", and between species "C" and "B", are most likely a result of Genetic Drift. Thickness of fur (mm)

Based on your analysis of the following graph and accompanying cladogram (species have been assigned letters A, B, C, D, E, and F), Which of the following statements is TRUE? 25 A B D F -15 -10 5 10 20 Average winter temperature (°C) Phylogeny of species Fur thickness in all 6 of these closely related species is most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "A", "B" and "C" are most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "D", "E" and "F" are most likely a result of Phylogenetic Affinity, and does NOT suggest an adaptation to differences in Average Winter temperature Fur thickness in the subgroup of species "A", "B" and "C" are most likely a result of Physiological Convergence. Similarity in fur thickness between species "A" and "D", and between species "C" and "B", are most likely a result of Genetic Drift. Thickness of fur (mm)

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Based on this matrix, is my cladogram correctly done? 1.a) What species on the cladogram are endothermic (fully endothermic species only=those that maintain their body temperature only with their metabolism = not sharks for instance)? 1.b) Considering the location and relationship of endotherms on the cladogram, what type of character (homologous, homoplasy: convergence or reversal) do you think endothermy is? try to use specific terminology: character, homologous characters, nom homologous characters, character states (or evolutionary stages of a character), ancestral (plesiomorphic), derived (apomorphic), homoplasy, convergence, reversal....
Suppose a new monkey species, Species A, has just been discovered. You are a primatologist, and you are trying to determine its phylogenetic position. You are sure its closest relatives are Species B and Species C, but you want to know which one it is more closely related to or if it is equally closely related to both. You are using Species D, a more distant relative, as the outgroup. You have come up with a list of ten characters you think will be useful in resolving this phylogeny, and you have determined the character state of each species for each character. The character states are: (in image below) Estimate the phylogeny of these taxa by plotting the changes on each of the three possible phylogenies for species A, B, and C and determining which tree requires the fewest evolutionary changes. HINT: First, review the carnivorans problem in Section 4.3 of the Zimmer and Emlen textbook. To solve the above problem, assume the outgroup has the ancestral character state for each…
With improving technology, acquiring DNAsequences from different organisms becomeseasier each year. With that in mind, some authors(e.g., Scotland et al. 2003, Systematic Biology52 [4]: 539–548) have suggested that the use ofmorphological data is less important than DNAsequence data and have called for less emphasison the use of comparative morphology in building phylogenies. Other authors maintain thatdespite the explosion of molecular data available, morphology still has an important role inphylogenetics (for examples, see Wiens 2004,Systematic Biology 53 [4]: 653–661 and Will andRubinoff 2004, Cladistics 20 [1]: 47–55). Whatare the reasons for and against using morphological data in phylogenetic reconstruction?When might morphological data be especiallyimportant?
Construct a cladogram that provides one hypothesis about the evolutionary history for these 6 taxa. Be sure to map each of the character states for every taxon represented in the character matrix. See tips below to help get you started. You can insert a photo of a hand drawn cladogram or create one on your device. Keep in mind that cladograms are hypotheses, there are many different cladograms that can be constructed. a) Which characteristics were identified as homoplasies on your cladogram? b) Now that your tree has been constructed, how confident do you feel in your hypothesis and why?
Construct a cladogram that provides one hypothesis about the evolutionary history for these 6 taxa. Be sure to map each of the character states for every taxon represented in the character matrix. See tips below to help get you started. You can insert a photo of a hand drawn cladogram or create one on your device. Keep in mind that cladograms are hypotheses, there are many different cladograms that can be constructed. a) Which characteristics were identified as homoplasies on your cladogram? b)
Below is a phylogenetic tree. Which of the following statements is correct? Species C and D are called sibling taxa because both are derived from the same parent species H. Species F is more related to species K than species D is. Species A, B, and D share a common ancestor of species I. All species shown are currently with us. All of the above
Please help with these as they are part of 1 question and I am so confused. I really need help like never before and I will highly consider thumbs up but please help asap. 1- If fossil evidence of the most recent common ancestor of A and B (10 million years ago) was found on both sides of the river (that formed 20 million years ago), then the distribution of A and B is best explained by vicariance. ( choose true or false) 2- It is possible that species C will speciate. ( choose true or false) 3- The distribution of the two species-C populations cannot be explained by two totally independent dispersal events by the common ancestor species of A and B. ( choose true or false) 4- B must share a more recent common ancestor with C1 than it does with C2. (choose true or false)
*Each number (1.1, 2.1, etc) represents a character/synapomorphy. How many character changes are there in the cladogram? Are there any unexpected or unusual result in the cladogram?
Consider the cladogram shown. 1. Which pair of species shares the greatest number of derived characters (synamorphies)? 2. Which species has the greatest number of ancestral character states (plesiomorphies)?
Among the ingroup species A-D, species A shares the largest number of derived traits with species C. What term best describes species C relative to species A? options: ancestor homologous species outgroup sister species
Using the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…
Using the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…