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- Water flowing in a long, aluminum lube is to be heated by air flowing perpendicular to the exterior of the tube. The ID of the tube is 1.85 cm, and its OD is 2.3 cm. The mass flow rate of the water through the tube is 0.65kg/s, and the temperature of the water in the lube averages 30C. The free-stream velocity and ambient temperature of the air are 10m/sand120C, respectively. Estimate the overall heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchanger using appropriate correlations from previous chapters. State all your assumptions.A horizontal shell-and-tube condenser is to be used to condense saturated ammonia vapor at l 45 lbf/in2 .abs (Th = 82°F), The condenser has 19 steel tubes (1.5-in. OD, 1.3-in. ID) 14 ft long through which cooling water is flowing. The tubes are arranged hexagonally on 2-in. centers. The latent heat of ammonia at these conditions may be taken as 500 Btu/lb. The cooling water enters at 70°F. Determine the capacity of the condenser for these conditions.a film-type condenser consists of a packed bed of 3-cm diameter spheres with a voidage of 35%. water sprayed onto the bed at 60oC is used to condense steam entering at the base at a saturation temperature of 100oC. How deep must the bed be to ensure complete condensation of the steam, and what is the outlet temperature of the water? (Use water properties based on the mean of the inlet and outlet water temperatures, and iterate if necessary)
- Calculate the mean condensing heat – transfer coefficient when refrigerant 12 condenses on the outside of the horizontal tubes in a shell – and – tube condenser. The outside diameter of the tubes is 19 mm, and in the vertical rows of tubes there are, respectively, two, three, four, three and two tubes. The refrigerant is condensing at a temperature of 52°C, and the temperature of the tubes is 44°C. Please refer for the table below.Steam at a pressure of 28kpa is passed into condenser and it leaves as condensate at a temperature of 592 0 Cooling water circulates through the condenser at the rate 9 of 45 kg/min. It enters at 152 and leaves at 30°C.It the Steam flow rate is 1.25 kg/min, determine the dryness r fraction of Steam as it enters the condenser.a) the local film condensation heat-transfer coefficient at the bottom of the tube b) the average condensation heat-transfer coefficient over the entire length of the tube c) the total condensation rate at the tube surface.
- Design a hydrocooling unit that can cool fruits and vegetables from 30 to 5 °C at a rate of 20,000 kg/h under the following conditions:The unit will be of the flooded type, which will cool the products when they are transported in the channel filled with water. Products will be dropped into the water filled chute at one end and collected at the other end. The channel can have a width of up to 3 m and a height of up to 90 cm. The water will circulate and be cooled by the evaporator section of a refrigeration system. The temperature of the refrigerant inside the coils will be 2°C, and the temperature of the water must not fall below 1.5°C and must not exceed 7°C.Assuming reasonable values for the average density, specific heat, and porosity of the product (the fraction of the volume of air in a box), recommend reasonable values for a) the velocity of the water through the channel and b) the flow rate refrigeration system cooling (QL). Compressor efficiency 75%. For the calculation of the…Design a hydrocooling unit that can cool fruits and vegetables from 30 to 5 °C at a rate of 20,000 kg/h under the following conditions:The unit will be of the flooded type, which will cool the products when they are transported in the channel filled with water. Products will be dropped into the water filled chute at one end and collected at the other end. The channel can have a width of up to 3 m and a height of up to 90 cm. The water will circulate and be cooled by the evaporator section of a refrigeration system. The temperature of the refrigerant inside the coils will be 2°C, and the temperature of the water must not fall below 1.5°C and must not exceed 7°C.Assuming reasonable values for the average density, specific heat, and porosity of the product (the fraction of the volume of air in a box), recommend reasonable values for a) the velocity of the water through the channel and b) the flow rate refrigeration system cooling (QL). For the calculation of the reasonable values…A two-pass steam surface condenser is to be designed to condense10,000 kg/hr of steam having an enthalpy of 2,240 kJ/kg. Condenserpressure is 13.79 kPa. Circulating water enters the condenser at 25 OCand leaves at 40 OC. The outside and inside diameter for a water tube;OD=20 mm , ID = 17 mm and water velocity of 3 m/s. If the overallcoefficient of heat transfer is 14,100 kJ/hr-m2-OC of outside tubesurface, determine the amount of circulating water in m3/hr.
- A shell-and-tube condenser with horizontal 7/8-in BWG 16 copper tubes is used to condense benzene vapor. The vapor is condensed at atmospheric pressure, it’s enthalpy of vaporization is around 394 KJ/kg, and the thermal conductivity at the reference temperature is around 0.150 W/m.°C. Assume the cooling water average temperature to be 40°C and neglect the tube and water film resistances. a)Calculate the reference temperature Tf and evaluate the liquid properties at this temperature. You may use the textbook and/or Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook. b)Estimate the film coefficient for the top row of tubes (W/m2.°C). c)Estimate the average coefficient for a stack of 10 tubes (W/m2.°C).A vertical condenser composed of ½” and 1.5” Std Steel pipes will handle cyclohexane vapor condensing at 1 atm inside the small pipe. Assume water as the cooling medium at an average temperature of 70oC and heat transfer coefficient of 3000 W/m2 -K. Assuming film type condensation, what is the mass rate of cyclohexane if the exchanger is 1.5 m long?A power plant condenser diverts from the power plant water that condenses heat at a rate of 34 [MW] The cooling water enters the condenser at a temperature of 15c and leaves at a temperature 30C lower than the water's condensation temperature. The pressure of the water at the exit of the turbine is 9[kpa]The condenser is made of brass tubes with an inner diameter of 25mm and an outer diameter of 30mm and the number of tubes in the condenser is 1000 A. Calculate the cooling water flow.B. Calculate the area of the heat exchanger on the condensing side