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Below are two independent situations.
1: Grinner and Greeter, CPAs, were engaged to perform an audit of the financial statements of Happy, Inc. Happy's management would not allow Grinner and Greeter to confirm any of the
2: Tick and Tie, CPAs, were performing their annual audit of Johnson Manufacturing Company. Johnson is currently being sued for $2,000,000 related to an alleged defective product that they sold to a customer. Johnson's legal counsel has told Tick and Tie that it is probable that Johnson will lose the suit and have to pay the entire $2,000,000. Johnson's management has included information in the footnotes about the lawsuit. However, they have not recorded any loss or liability in the income statement or balance sheet.
Required:
For each of the independent situations presented above, state what type of opinion should be issued on the company's financial statements. Briefly explain your rationale. Finally, state what modifications, if any, would be required to the standard report.
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- L. King, CPA, is auditing the financial statements of Cycle Company, a client that has receivables from customers arising from the sale of goods in the normal course of business. King is aware that the confirmation of accounts receivable is a generally accepted auditing procedure. Required: a. Under what circumstances could King justify omitting the confirmation of Cycle’s accounts receivable? b. In designing confirmation requests, what factors are likely to affect King’s assessment of the reliability of confirmations that King sends? c. What alternative procedures could King consider performing when replies to positive confirmation requests are not received?Kay & Lee LLP was retained as the auditor for Holligan Industries to audit the financial statements required by prospective banks as a prerequisite to extending a loan to the client. The auditor knows whichever bank lends money to the client is likely to rely on the audited statements. After the audit report is issued, the bank that ultimately made the loan discovers that the audit client’s inventory and accounts receivable were overstated. The client subsequently went bankrupt and defaulted on the loan. The bank alleged that the auditor failed to communicate about the inadequacy of the client’s internal recordkeeping and inventory control. Moreover, the bank claims that the auditors were grossly negligent in not discovering the overvaluation of inventory and accounts receivable. The auditors asserted that there was no way for them to know that the client included in the inventory account $1 million of merchandise in transit to a customer on December 31, 2015. The shipping terms…Kay & Lee LLP was retained as the auditor for Holligan Industries to audit the financial statements required by prospective banks as a prerequisite to extending a loan to the client. The auditor knows whichever bank lends money to the client is likely to rely on the audited statements. After the audit report is issued, the bank that ultimately made the loan discovers that the audit client’s inventory and accounts receivable were overstated. The client subsequently went bankrupt and defaulted on the loan. The bank alleged that the auditor failed to communicate about the inadequacy of the client’s internal recordkeeping and inventory control. Moreover, the bank claims that the auditors were grossly negligent in not discovering the overvaluation of inventory and accounts receivable. The auditors asserted that there was no way for them to know that the client included in the inventory account $1 million of merchandise in transit to a customer on December 31, 2015. The shipping terms…
- Kay & Lee LLP was retained as the auditor for Holligan Industries to audit the financial statements required by prospective banks as a prerequisite to extending a loan to the client. The auditor knows whichever bank lends money to the client is likely to rely on the audited statements. After the audit report is issued, the bank that ultimately made the loan discovers that the audit client’s inventory and accounts receivable were overstated. The client subsequently went bankrupt and defaulted on the loan. The bank alleged that the auditor failed to communicate about the inadequacy of the client’s internal recordkeeping and inventory control. Moreover, the bank claims that the auditors were grossly negligent in not discovering the overvaluation of inventory and accounts receivable. The auditors asserted that there was no way for them to know that the client included in the inventory account $1 million of merchandise in transit to a customer on December 31, 2015. The shipping terms…The financial records of the Movitz Company show that R. Dennis owes $4,100 on an account receivable. An independent audit is being carried out, and the auditors send a positive confirmation to R. Dennis. What is the most likely reason as to why a positive confirmation rather than a negative confirmation was used here?a. Control risk was particularly low for accounts receivable.b. Inherent risk was particularly high for accounts receivable.c. Dennis’s account was not yet due.d. Dennis’s account was not with a related party.Gordon & Moore, CPAs, were the auditors of Fox & Company, a brokerage firm. Gordon & Moore examined and reported on the financial statements of Fox, which were filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Several of Fox’s customers were swindled by a fraudulent scheme perpetrated by two key officers of the company. The facts establish that Gordon & Moore were negligent, but not reckless or grossly negligent, in the conduct of the audit, and neither participated in the fraudulent scheme nor knew of its existence. The customers are suing Gordon & Moore under the antifraud provisions of Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for aiding and abetting the fraudulent scheme of the officers. The customers’ suit for fraud is predicated exclusively on the negligence of the auditors in failing to conduct a proper audit, thereby failing to discover the fraudulent scheme. What is the probable outcome of the lawsuit? Explain. What other…
- Which of the following is most closely related to the relevance of audit evidence?a. Auditors decide to physically inspect investment securities held by a custodian instead of obtaining confirmations from the custodian.b. In addition to confirmations of accounts receivable, auditors perform an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable to evaluate the collectability of accounts receivable.c. In response to less effective internal control, auditors increase the number of customer accounts receivable confirmations mailed compared to that in the prior year.d. Because of a large number of transactions occurring near year-end, auditors decide to confirm a larger number of receivables following year-end instead of during the interim period.The following are examples of circumstances that may indicate the possibility that the financial statements may contain a material misstatement resulting from fraud, except Group of answer choices Last-minute adjustments that significantly affect financial results or unusual journal entries. Transactions that are recorded in a complete or timely manner or are properly recorded as to amount, accounting period, classification, or entity policy. Unsupported or unauthorized balances or transactions. Tips or complaints to the auditor about alleged fraud.You are the audit partner of ‘Power Auditors’ and you are auditing your client ‘FreefallIncorporated’.After finishing all the tests on the client’s financial information you determine that there is amaterial misstatement in the accounts receivable account of your client. This misstatementhas also caused the sales revenue account to be materially misstated. You have notified theclient about the misstatement but as of reporting date, client has not made any corrections.You also found misstatements in the fixed assets and accounts payable accounts, but theyare not material as per your assessment. You found no other misstatements in the otheraccounts.In addition to this, you also notice that the client has a large amount of debt which will bedue next year. As the business has suffered a loss this year and does not have enough cashflow at the end of the year to pay the debt next year, the client will need to secure someform of refinancing next year. Without this refinancing, there is a…
- The auditor should ordinarily send confirmation requests to all banks with whichthe client has conducted any business during the year, regardless of the year-endbalance, because(1) this procedure will detect kiting activities that would otherwise not be detected.(2) the confirmation form also seeks information about indebtedness to the bank.(3) the sending of confirmation requests to all such banks is required by auditingstandards.(4) this procedure relieves the auditor of any responsibility with respect to nondetection of forged checks.In connection with the examination of financial statements by applying PSA 240 & 300, an independent auditor could be responsible for failure to detect a material fraud if Select one: a. statistical sampling techniques were not used on the audit engagement. b. accountants performing important parts of the work failed to discover a close relationship between the treasurer and the cashier. c. the auditor planned the work in a hasty and inefficient manner. d. the fraud was perpetrated by one client employee, who circumvented the existing internal controls.Under common law, which of the following statements most accurately reflects the liability of a CPA who fraudulently gives an opinion on an audit of a client's financial statements? A. The CPA is liable only to third parties in privity of contract with the CPA B. The CPA is liable only to known users of the financial statements C. The CPA probably is liable to any person who suffered a loss as a result of the fraud D. The CPA probably is liable to the client even if the client was aware of the fraud and did not rely on the opinion
