Oogenesis
The formation of the ovum (mature female gamete) from undifferentiated germ cells is called oogenesis. This process takes place in the ovaries (female gonads). Oogenesis consists of three stages known as the multiplication phase, growth phase, and maturation phase.
Cell Division
Cell division involves the formation of new daughter cells from the parent cells. It is a part of the cell cycle that takes place in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cell division is required for three main reasons:
Consider the true diploid plant cell (2n=4) below. The paternally derived blue chromosomes
are of two types, metacentric and acrocentric. These chromosomes contain the same gene pattern and
structural features as the maternally derived purple chromosomes. Consider two genes A and B which
are found on the metacentric and acrocentric chromosome pairs, respectively. Assume the father passed
on A and B alleles, and the mother passed on a and b alleles.
a. Show the possible loci of these genes (specify alleles) on the image. Label both sister chromatids in each chromosome. (Note: Sister chromatids are products of replication.)
b. Draw the four possible gametes formed after meiosis assuming there was no crossing over. Label the gene loci.
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