C. What is the value of tax multiplier in this economy?. d. By how much will equilibrium income in the goods market increase if the government decides to increase its purchases by PhP 13,500 ? Assume that the tax rate is still 12%. Can government expenditure help increase output in the economy ?
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- The following are exogenous (not directly affected by income): G = 11 I = 4 X = M = 0 The consumption function is: C = k + cY, where k = 3, c = 0.8 Now we have to take that tax into account. Here is a way to think about it: Look at the consumption function. It says if you give me one more dollar of income I will spend 80 cents of it (mpc = 0.8). BUT I can only spend what I receive. I can only spend my after-tax or disposable income. With a 10% tax, I don't receive Y I receive 90% of Y or Y*(1-t) where t = 10% or 0.1. Let's define disposable income as Yd where Yd = Y*(1-t). Therefore we restate our consumption function as C = k + cYd Now we have, in this case, C = k + cYd or C = 3 + 0.8Yd or C = 3 + 0.8*(Y*[1-0.1]) or C = 3 + 0.72Y. Now what is the equilibrium GDP?Assume there are no taxes. A household with subsistence level of consumption equal to $200 saves $400 when its income is $1,000. The consumption function (assumed to be linear) of this household is . C = -200 + 0.6*Y C = 200 + 0.4*Y C = -200 + 0.4*Y C = 200 + 0.6*YSuppose there is a bill to increase the tax on cigarettes by $1 per pack coupled with an income tax cut of $500. Suppose a person smokes an average of 500 packs of cigarettes per year—and would thus face a tax increase of about $500 per year from the cigarette tax at the person’s current level of consumption. The income tax measure would increase the person’s after-tax income by $500. Would the combined measures be likely to have any effect on the person’s consumption of cigarettes? Why or why not?
- The consumption function is defined a C= 800 + (0.8)YD, the marginal income tax rate is t = 0.5, and autonmous investment decreases by 50, then the budget surplus would be?Suppose that for a particular economy, for some time period, consumption was given by theconsumption function C = 300 + 0.9YD, investment was equal to 200, government expenditure wasequal to 100, net taxes were fixed at 100, exports were equal to 200, and imports were given by theimports function Z = 10 + 0.1YD. Note that YD represents disposable income. a.Suppose households earn $150 more in their disposable income. How much more would theyconsume in total? How much go to domestic goods and how much go to imported goods? Howmuch would they end up saving? b.What is the level of equilibrium income? What about the level of consumption and import? c.What are the values of the government spending multiplier, tax multiplier and balanced-budgetmultiplier? d.Suppose the investment level suddenly declined by 20. How should the government stabilize theeconomy? Please provide all options in detailIn the budget presented by the government, far reaching tax rebates are provided to all classes of tax payers. A researcher therefore conducts a survey to examine whether these tax reductions have led to a change in the consumption patterns of various social classes in the country. What kind of study would this fall under? Explain your answer.
- Pick TWO answers.a. Wealth can be measured as a flow over time.b. Disposable income measures income after direct taxes, so any consumption out of disposable income isunaffected by taxation.c. Your net worth is equal to your assets (both real and financial) minus your labilities.d. An example of gross income in the "bathtub" diagram is a landlord's rental income on a property.Q.1.6 Given the import function, Z = 300 + 2/3Y, which of the following statements iscorrect?(2)(a) The marginal propensity to save is 1/3;(b) The induced component is 300;(c) 2/3 is the proportion of any income spent on imports;(d) None of the statements is correct.Tax liability is given by the function T(y) = -10,000 + 0.25y where y is income. 7. The marginal tax rate in Tuvalu is: 8. The average tax rate in Tuvalu on an income of 40,000 is equal to: 9. The tax system is Tuvalu is; a) progressive b) regressive c) proportional
- The U.S. income tax is currently O progressive O proportional O regressive O proactive a tax.Consider an economy in which tax collections are always $400 and in which the four components of aggregate demand are as follows: GDP Taxes DI C I G (X - IM) $1,360 $400 $960 $720 $200 $500 $30 1,480 400 1,080 810 200 500 30 1,600 400 1,200 900 200 500 30 1,720 400 1,320 990 200 500 30 1,840 400 1,440 1,080 200 500 30 Find the equilibrium of this economy graphically. What is the marginal propensity to consume? What is the multiplier? What would happen to equilibrium GDP if government purchases were reduced by $60 and the price level remained unchanged?Given the import function, Z = 300 + 2/3Y, which of the following statements iscorrect? choose the correct answer(a) The marginal propensity to save is 1/3; (b) The induced component is 300; (c) 2/3 is the proportion of any income spent on imports; (d) None of the statements is correct