Chapter 15, Problem 031 A 9.18 kg object on a horizontal frictionless surface is attached to a spring with k 1410 N/m. The object is displaced from equilibrium 48.6 cm horizontally and given an initial velocity of 11.5 m/s back toward the equilibrium position. What are (a) the motion's frequency, (b) the initial potential energy of the block-spring system, (c) the initial kinetic energy, and (d) the motion's amplitude? (a) Number Units (b) Number Units (c) Number Units (d) Number Units

Chapter 15, Problem 031 A 9.18 kg object on a horizontal frictionless surface is attached to a spring with k 1410 N/m. The object is displaced from equilibrium 48.6 cm horizontally and given an initial velocity of 11.5 m/s back toward the equilibrium position. What are (a) the motion's frequency, (b) the initial potential energy of the block-spring system, (c) the initial kinetic energy, and (d) the motion's amplitude? (a) Number Units (b) Number Units (c) Number Units (d) Number Units

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter12: Oscillatory Motion

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P: A 50.0-g object connected to a spring with a force constant of 35.0 N/m oscillates with an amplitude...

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A lightweight spring with spring constant k = 225 N/m is attached to a block of mass m1 = 4.50 kg on a frictionless, horizontal table. The blockspring system is initially in the equilibrium configuration. A second block of mass m2 = 3.00 kg is then pushed against the first block, compressing the spring by x = 15.0 cm as in Figure P16.77A. When the force on the second block is removed, the spring pushes both blocks to the right. The block m2 loses contact with the springblock 1 system when the blocks reach the equilibrium configuration of the spring (Fig. P16.77B). a. What is the subsequent speed of block 2? b. Compare the speed of block 1 when it again passes through the equilibrium position with the speed of block 2 found in part (a). 77. (a) The energy of the system initially is entirely potential energy. E0=U0=12kymax2=12(225N/m)(0.150m)2=2.53J At the equilibrium position, the total energy is the total kinetic energy of both blocks: 12(m1+m2)v2=12(4.50kg+3.00kg)v2=(3.75kg)v2=2.53J Therefore, the speed of each block is v=2.53J3.75kg=0.822m/s (b) Once the second block loses contact, the first block is moving at the speed found in part (a) at the equilibrium position. The energy 01 this spring-block 1 system is conserved, so when it returns to the equilibrium position, it will be traveling at the same speed in the opposite direction, or v=0.822m/s. FIGURE P16.77
An object of mass m1 = 9.00 kg is in equilibrium when connected to a light spring of constant k = 100 N/m that is fastened to a wall as shown in Figure P12.67a. A second object, m2 = 7.00 kg, is slowly pushed up against m1, compressing the spring by the amount A = 0.200 m (see Fig. P12.67b). The system is then released, and both objects start moving to the right on the frictionless surface. (a) When m1 reaches the equilibrium point, m2 loses contact with m1 (see Fig. P12.67c) and moves to the right with speed v. Determine the value of v. (b) How far apart are the objects when the spring is fully stretched for the first time (the distance D in Fig. P12.67d)? Figure P12.67
A spherical bob of mass m and radius R is suspended from a fixed point by a rigid rod of negligible mass whose length from the point of support to the center of the bob is L (Fig. P16.75). Find the period of small oscillation. N The frequency of a physical pendulum comprising a nonuniform rod of mass 1.25 kg pivoted at one end is observed to be 0.667 Hz. The center of mass of the rod is 40.0 cm below the pivot point. What is the rotational inertia of the pendulum around its pivot point?
Review. A 0.250-kg block resting on a frictionless, horizontal surface is attached to a spring whose force constant is 83.8 N/m as in Figure P15.15. A horizontal force F causes the spring to stretch a distance of 5.46 cm from its equilibrium position. (a) Find the magnitude of F. (b) What is the total energy stored in the system when the spring is stretched? (c) Find the magnitude of the acceleration of the block just after the applied force is removed. (d) Find the speed of the block when it first reaches the equilibrium position. (e) If the surface is not frictionless but the block still reaches the equilibrium position, would your answer to part (d) be larger or smaller? (f) What other information would you need to know to find the actual answer to part (d) in this case? (g) What is the largest value of the coefficient of friction that would allow the block to reach the equilibrium position? Figure P15.15
Review. A system consists of a spring with force constant k = 1 250 N/m, length L = 1.50 m, and an object of mass m = 5.00 kg attached to the end (Fig. P15.49). The object is placed at the level of the point of attachment with the spring unstretched, at position yi = L, and then it is released so that it swings like a pendulum. (a) Find the y position of the object at the lowest point. (b) Will the pendulums period be greater or less than the period of a simple pendulum with the same mass m and length L? Explain. Figure PI 5.49
A 50.0-g object connected to a spring with a force constant of 35.0 N/m oscillates with an amplitude of 4.00 cm on a frictionless, horizontal surface. Find (a) the total energy of the system and (b) the speed of the object when its position is 1.00 cm. Find (c) the kinetic energy and (d) the potential energy when its position is 3.00 cm.
Use the data in Table P16.59 for a block of mass m = 0.250 kg and assume friction is negligible. a. Write an expression for the force FH exerted by the spring on the block. b. Sketch FH versus t.
Which of the following statements is not true regarding a massspring system that moves with simple harmonic motion in the absence of friction? (a) The total energy of the system remains constant. (b) The energy of the system is continually transformed between kinetic and potential energy. (c) The total energy of the system is proportional to the square of the amplitude. (d) The potential energy stored in the system is greatest when the mass passes through the equilibrium position. (e) The velocity of the oscillating mass has its maximum value when the mass passes through the equilibrium position.
A blockspring system oscillates with an amplitude of 3.50 cm. The spring constant is 250 N/m and the mass of the block is 0.500 kg. Determine (a) the mechanical energy of the system, (b) the maximum speed of the block, and (c) the maximum acceleration.
A block of mass m rests on a frictionless, horizontal surface and is attached to two springs with spring constants k1 and k2 (Fig. P16.22). It is displaced to the right and released. Find an expression for the angular frequency of oscillation of the resulting simple harmonic motion. FIGURE P16.22 Problems 22 and 81.
If a car has a suspension system with a force constant of 5.00104 N/m , how much energy must the car’s shocks remove to dampen an oscillation starting with a maximum displacement of 0.0750 m?
A spring with spring constant 25 N/m is compressed a distance of 7.0 cm by a ball with a mass of 202.5 g (Fig. P13.33). The ball is then released and rolls without slipping along a horizontal surface, leaving the spring at point A. The process is repeated, using a block instead, with a mass identical to that of the ball. The block compresses the spring by 7.0 cm and is also released, leaving the spring at point A. Assume the ball rolls, but ignore other effects of friction. a. What is the speed of the ball at point B? b. What is the speed of the block at point B? FIGURE P13.33 Problems 33 and 34.