A solution of organic colloids in water is to be concentrated from 10 to 50% solids in a single effect evaporator. Steam is available at a gauge pressure of 1.03 atm. A pressure of 102 mmHg is to be maintained in the vapor space. The feed rate to the evaporator is 25000 kg/hr. The overall heat transfer coefficient can be taken as 2800 Wim20C. The solution has a negligible elevation in boiling point and a negligible heat of dilution. The specific heat of the feed solution is 3.77 Jlg-OC. Calculate the heating surface area required. a. 85.4 m2 S. 95.6 m? b. 104.2 m2 d. 74.5 m2

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