Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Viruses that persist in the cell and cause recurrent disease are considered a. oncogenic c. latent b. cytopathic d. resistant

Q: At which stage in viral replication does the genetic information enter the host cell? a. Penetration…

A: a)- Penetration

Q: What will you find at the center of a clear plaque?

A: Plaques is opaque field of bacterial cultures which are infected by a virus or bacteriophage.

Q: Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Viruses cannot be…

A: Viruses are obligate parasites. They are non cellular entities which have their RNA (ribonucleic…

Q: discuss the possibility of an unborn child inherit the virus from an infected corona virus father.…

A: COVID-19 or corona virus disease is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered corona…

Q: For a virus to be able to infect a cell, it must   A. Be able to specifically bind to receptors on…

A: Virus are the infective protineous coat found inside a living organism or in extreme conditiin like…

Q: A bacteriophage can infect ________. a. the lungs b. viruses c. prions d. bacteria

A: The cell which does not have membrane-bound organelles and nucleus is termed as prokaryotic cells.…

Q: RNA viruses require their own supply of certain enzymes because(A) host cells rapidly destroy the…

A: Viruses are defined as infectious agents that can survive only by invading the living cells. They…

Q: a. Compare three characteristics of a bacterium and a virus.b. Why are viruses so hard to control?

A: According to the question, we have to make a characteristics comparison of a bacteria and a virus.…

Q: For question with blanks, choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the…

A: Vaccination is the process by which a small quantity of an antigen is introduced into a body so that…

Q: Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. The pathogen of…

A: Answer- In plants the foreign DNA can be incorporated by using the specific vector DNA.

Q: Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement.The pathogen of plant…

A: Answer is b.)  Agrobacterium.

Q: . Defend the statement “Cancer is a genetic disease.”

A: Introduction  Cancer is well known disease now a day. In US, 1 in 2 women and 1 in 3 men develops…

Q: HIV has a high mutation rate due to the imprecise opera-tion of its:(a) Viral membrane(b) CD4…

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is responsible for causing AIDS (acquired immune deficiency…

Q: Antigenic drift refers to: A.The reassortment of genomic segments from different viruses B.Cytotoxic…

A: The immune response or immune reaction is produced by the immune system against the antigen that…

Q: Viruses code for their own independent protein synthesis. A. True B. False

A: The mechanism by which cells make proteins is known as protein synthesis. Transcription and…

Q: write a summary on the role of pH during virus entry

A: A virus is a microscopic parasitic organism that cannot replicate on its own. However, once a virus…

Q: Which statement among A-D is false regarding bacterial toxins? A) O Hemolysins are cell membrane…

A: Toxins refer to poisonous substances that include a class of small molecules and proteins, which are…

Q: Using what you know about viruses and the immune and lymphatic systems, construct a scientific…

A: There are few important points : As we know that Viruses are simple ,noncellular organism consist of…

Q: Which properties are targeted when scientists develop antiviral drugs? removal of viral MRNAS…

A: The property which must be targeted by the scientists while developing the antiviral drugs is:…

Q: Which of the following is not associated with prions? a. Replicating shapes b. Mad cow disease c.…

A: An infectious agent is something that invades another living thing. Sorts of irresistible…

Q: explains how a gene can be altered to correct genetic defects in humans using an adenovirus

A: Gene therapy involves adding genes to replace the defective gene, turning off defective genes, or…

Q: The induced clones are developed by ________ into the host cell.a) Nuclear transfer b) Gene transfer…

A: Introduction: Cloning is a process by which genetically identical cells can be produced either…

Q: The flu virus in flu vaccines is a dead virus. The term to describe the virus in this situation is…

A: Correct answer is B

Q: a. If you were involved in developing an antiviral drug, what wouldbe some important considerations?…

A: Viruses are intracellular, obligate parasites that contain either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or…

Q: Define the following terms: a. lytic cycle b. prophage c. transduction d. lysogeny e. nuclocapsid

A: Bacteriophage was a type  virus which uses the  bacterial cell  as a host for the process of…

Q: How might a bacteriophage be used to treat a bacterial infection? – this question relates to…

A: INTRODUCTION Viruses are obligate parasites that live inside the host cells. The structure of…

Q: The enzyme hydrolase is critical for which of the stages to occur as a consequence of a…

A: The phages are viruses that are also called as bacteriophage that infects bacteria. Most of the…

Q: Some drugs that inhibit HIV proliferation are inhibitors of HIV protease. Explain how these drugs…

A: The drugs used to inhibit the proliferation of HIV are actually inhibitors of protease enzyme. The…

Q: Lysogenic cells have phages that are: A actively synthesizing viral proteins B biosynthesizing only…

A: Phage viruses are viruses that infect the cells of microorganisms. On the basis of their host these…

Q: Select a drug or drugs that can prevent a viral nucleic acid from beingreplicated.a. retrovir b.…

A: Viral replication exclusively occurs in the host cell. It is characterized by the 7 major steps…

Q: Viruses that persist in the cell and cause recurrent disease are considereda. oncogenic b.…

A: Microbe or microorganism is a microscopic organism. It exists as multicellular, unicellular, or cell…

Q: Explain HIV is so difficult to treat. Why antiviral medication is a cocktail/mixture of different…

A: Ans. HIV-Hummanimmuni deficiency virus. It leads to AIDS and attacks the body's immune system.…

Q: Which of these is true of prions?a. They are small RNA viruses.b. They replicate in the nucleus.c.…

A: Prions are the infectious substances that are discovered by Stanley B. Prusiner.

Q: briefly describes an example of how a unique cell structure of a microbe could be a target for…

A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial medicines derived from other organisms (such as moulds, fungi, and…

Q: Viruses are not considered living because they a. are not made of cells b. lack cell nuclei c. do…

A: Viruses are an example of a sophisticated protein, nucleic acid, lipid, and carbohydrate assemblage.…

Q: What is the most successful treatment during pregnancy to reduce transmission of HIV from mother to…

A: HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a member of the Retro viral family which causes chronic,…

Q: Write a one-page story from the perspective of a virus. Describe how you would invade and destroy a…

A: Virus entry into plant roots is facilitated by two zoonotic fungi of the class (Olpidium bornovanus…

Q: Result B Serologic markers Results HBSAg anti-HBc gM anti-HBc anti-HBs Result A | Choose J [Choose]…

A: This test involves the measurement of several hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific antigens and…

Q: There have been recent outbreaks of dog flu in the US. Why doesn't this virus infect humans? A)…

A: Dog flu virus (canine influenza) has Equine and Avian origin. This means it has been derived from…

Q: How effective are antibiotics against viral infections? Antibiotics can prevent viral entry into the…

A: ANTIBIOTICS:- They used to treat infections caused by bacteria, so they are anti-bacterial and…

Q: As a scientist, you need to develop an antiviral drug that will affect the attachment of…

A: The T phages are infectious phages  that is capable of infecting Escherichia coli. They are lytic…

Q: 50 words essay on how important to have adequate knowledge of biochemistry in understanding…

A: The study of biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels using chemistry is known as…

Q: Prostate Cancer can be prevented with a healing diet made from:  a. high fiber fruits and…

A: The prostate is a gland that is present only in males which secretes seminal fluid. Cancer in the…

Q: Penicillin is an antibiotic that acts by inhibiting the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in a…

A: Bacteria is considered as prokaryote while there is no proper classification of virus till date. It…

Q: Vaccines and immunizations can sometimes be used to prevent viral infections. Antiviral drugs are…

A: According to the question, Vaccines, and Immunizations can sometimes be used to prevent viral…

Q: Moderna and Pfizer vaccines for COVID-19 use mRNA to the Spike protein combined with lipids. Which…

A: Moderna and Pfizer are made from mRNA (messenger RNA), these vaccines deliver the genetic…

Q: 107) Cell death due to viral infection can happen through except a. Lysis of the cells b. Rounding…

A: Option A: Cell death can be induced upon viral attack by various methods. Such as: cell lysis,…

Q: You are treating a patient with antiviral agent against the nucleocapsid, what part of the virus…

A: Virus are infectious agents that are capable of replicating only inside a live cell. The viral agent…

Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.