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Introduction:
Neanderthals were a species of human that lived in Europe and Asia during the Pleistocene epoch, between approximately 400,000 and 40,000 years ago. They were closely related to modern humans, and DNA evidence suggests that they interbred with our ancestors, contributing to the gene pool of modern non-African populations.
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- What is one anatomical difference between Australopithecines and other early hominins, such as Ardi? A. There were no anatomical differences between Ardi and the Australopithecines. B. Ardi had a divergent big toe while the Australopithecines had non-divergent big toes. C. Australopithecines had more facial prognathism than Ardi. D. Australopithecines had larger canines than Ardi.According to the latest researches in Physical Anthropology, what is the relationship between Neanderthals and Modern Humans? And what caused the extinction of Neanderthals?Which of the following is one of the main tendencies observed in early hominins, such as australopithecines? A. Decrease in the number of incisors B. Reduced canine size C. Increased facial prognathism D. Increased diastema
- Why are the Dmanisi Homo erectus fossils significant? A. They demonstrate that H. erectus independently evolved in Western Asia and Africa. B. They show that H. erectus evolved in Western Asia and then migrated to Africa. C. They demonstrate that H. erectus migrated to Western Asia shortly after evolving in Africa. D. They show that H. erectus migrated from Europe into Western Asia.What are the characteristics/prominate features of a Early modern Homo sapiens skull?Which of the following is responsible for the early predominant image of Neanderthals as brutish cavemen? a). They had small brain cases with stocky bodies and were always recovered from cave sites b). The fossil evidence reveals that they had little cognitive capacity and had a hunched over posture c). An early fossil find of an Individual suffering from arthritis was assembled and taken as the type specimen foer all Neanderthals, mistakenly giving the idea that Neanderthals were an ape-like, hunched-over species.d). None of the above are true
- While listening to a hominin evolution podcast, the narrator mentions that the overall similarity of Homo erectus fossils from Africa, Asia, and Europe, and through time represents evolutionary statis. What evidence is there that this is not the case? A. The size of the teeth and jaws increased from earlier to later forms. B. There was an overall increase in cranial robusticity from earlier to later forms. C. The thickness of the cranial bone increased from earlier to later forms. D. Brain size increased by approximately 30% from earlier to later forms.The australopiths differed from the common chimpanzee in: a the number of different kinds of teeth on each side of each jaw. b the spacing of the orbits (eye-sockets) on the face. c the inability to rotate the arm around the shoulder joint. d the shape of the pelvis. e the lack of an opposable thumb. Which of the following skeletal parts would be most useful for determining whether a 4-million-year-old species was a hominin (vs. an ape)? a the clavicle (collarbone) b the part of the skull that shows the spacing between the orbits c the proximal (shoulder) end of the humerus (upper arm bone) d the distal (knee) end of the femur (thigh bone) e a lower left jaw with two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars By 3 million years ago, the australopithecines were: a extinct in Africa but common in Southeast Asia b common in East and South Africa c adapting to cold glacial climates in…Which statement is true about the Neanderthals? A. Homo sapiens rapidly killed off all the Neanderthals as they had superior fighting technology like the bow and arrow and spears B. Neaderthals were the likely direct ancestors of the newly discovered pigmy island species of humans, H. floresiensis and H. luzonensis C. Neanderthals interbred with Homo sapiens and as a result assimilated with Homo sapiens D. They were only living in Europe where they had genes allowing them to acclimate to that particular environment. E. They originated around the same time period as homo sapiens and coexisted
- Compare and contrast Neanderthals, Cro-Magnon humans, and early humans.In your Introduction to Biological Anthropology class, your instructor asks you to examine a fossil skull and determine which species it is. You note there is a sagittal keel at the top of the skull. Based on this information alone, to which species does the skull belong? A. Australopithecus boisei B. Homo habilis C. Australopithecus garhi D. Homo erectusWhich species has the most robust cheek bones? A. Homo erectus B. Homo rudolfensis C. Homo habilis D. Australopithecus afarensis