Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions
7th Edition
ISBN:9781305441620
Author:WOODROW
Publisher:WOODROW
Chapter4: Medication Preparations And Supplies
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 2CRQ
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Question
Collection of the urine specimen
Expert Solution
Step 1
The analysis of urine specimens is referred to as urinalysis. It enables us to diagnose certain health problems in the body. Urine tests can identify the presence of any kidney disorder, for example presence of blood in the urine. The factors that affect the urine composition are diet, exercise and medication. Thus urinalysis enables the doctor to know about body functions, especially the kidneys.
Step 2
The urine specimen can be of several types.
- Random sample: Random collection of urine specimens is performed for routine analysis of the individual. The concentration of the urine is known to change throughout the day.
- First voided specimen: The first urinal output of an individual is the most concentrated. This type of sampling is done in the morning. The specimen is effective especially for pregnancy tests and microbial tests.
- Timed specimens: Sometimes the urine specimens are collected at certain hours of the day according to the doctor. This type of specimens are used to study creatinine clearance and other hormonal studies that require urine samples of 24 hours on an individual.
- Midstream specimen: Such specimen is collected for studying the bacterial growth.
- Dirty culture: The first part of the urine stream is collected for the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) analysis.
- Catheterization specimen: Catheters are hollow tubes that are carefully inserted into the bladder through the urethra for withdrawing the urine.
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