Common muscles and ligaments of hip joint
The hip joint is defined as the ball and socket joint formed by pelvic acetabulum articulating with the femur's head and thus, forms a connection starting from the lower limb till the pelvic girdle.
The hip joint muscles are those that are responsible for causing movement in the hip. Hip joint muscles are hence, divided into four groups based on their orientation and their function.
(1) Gluteal group: Muscles in this group are superficially located and thus, act mainly to abduct and extend the thigh at the hip. It includes gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae.
(2) Lateral rotator group: Muscles of this group are deeply located and will act to rotate the thigh at the hip laterally. All the muscles in this group will originate from the pelvis and, further, attaches to the femur. It includes externus and internus obturators, the piriformis, the superior and inferior gemelli, and the quadratus femoris.
(3) Adductor group: The adductor group muscles lie in deep portions and originate from the pubis and, further, attaches to the femur length. It includes adductor brevis, adductor longus, adductor magnus, pectineus, and gracilis.
(4) Iliopsoas group: The iliacus and psoas will majorly comprise the iliopsoas group and can be seen at the pelvis and the lower spine.
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