Compare direct, indirect, sandwich, and combination EIAs withrespect to their ability to identify infection with a particularpathogen.

Q: List Koch’s postulates, and discuss when they might not be appropriate in establishing causation.

A: The bacteria must be present in every case of the disease. The bacteria must be isolated from the…

Q: Explain the concept of portal of entry and list the major portals of entry with examples of…

A: Microbes are the tiny organisms that cannot be seen with naked eyes.

Q: "Discuss routes used by disease organism to enter the body?"

A: Disease organisms include bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, and worms. They cause infectious…

Q: Explain the stages in the course of infection and disease.

A: A sickness is an aberrant situation in which the body's stability is thrown off. It could be caused…

Q: Define the term pathogen.

A: Introduction The immune system is one of the most critical systems in the body, assisting an…

Q: Explain several ways in which true pathogens differ from opportunisticpathogens.

A: True or primary fungal pathogens are those species that can invade and grow in a healthy…

Q: A.) What four factors must be present for an infection to spread? susceptible B.) What is the…

A: Infection is a health condition that occurs because of the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms or…

Q: Describe the clinical stages of infection

A: Clinical infections are the diseases caused by the microbes such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and…

Q: Describe host tissue specificity for pathogens.

A: A pathogen is anything which is capable of causing disease in an organism. Germs or any infectious…

Q: A. Define the term pathogen. B. Using MRSA, NOROVIRUS, ATHLETES FOOT and MALARIA as examples,…

A: A. Define the term pathogen. B. Using MRSA, NOROVIRUS, ATHLETES FOOT and MALARIA as examples,…

Q: Defi ne zoonosis and describe the diffi culties in controlling zoonotic infections.

A: Zoonosis, also known as zoonotic disease, haa become one of the major public health problems…

Q: What are the signs of the pathogens? Define and give examples.

A: Pathogens:- Pathogens are microorganisms that have the potential to cause infectious diseases.…

Q: Describe how both active and passive immunization can be used to combat tetanus.

A: Injecting the antibodies into the systemic circulation is the process involved in artificially…

Q: a pathogen forms a compatible interaction with the host? true or False

A: Introduction  In the broadest definition, a pathogen is any organism or agent that can cause…

Q: Name a molecular diagnostic techniqiue to detect the presence of a pathogen in its early stage of…

A: Infection is a condition when a microorganism enters the body and causes harm. Actually, the…

Q: Explain the differences between communicable and noncommunicable infectious diseases, and between…

A: A disorder refers to the impaired structure of function in an organism like a human, plant, or…

Q: Explain the concept of portal of entry, and list the major portals ofentry with examples of…

A: Infection is defined as the condition when some disease causing agent enters the body of an…

Q: Diagram the general infection process. Explain each stage

A:

Q: Relate the significant factors involved in the transmission of infectious diseases.

A: Discovering the origin and mode of transmission of pathogens is a key factor in epidemiology. A…

Q: Name and describe two substances in wounds to which pathogens attach.

A: When a pathogen invades the body lymphocytes are capable of producing antibodies. These antibodies…

Q: Identify and defi ne the terms associated with infectious diseases.

A: Infectious diseases are diseases that can be transmitted from an affected individual to a healthy…

Q: Explain what is happening during each stage of infection. Compare and contrast: systemic, local, and…

A: The progression of an infection or disease occurs in four stages and there are several patterns in…

Q: Describe some factors that weaken host defenses and increase susceptibility to infection.

A: Introduction   We are surrounded by various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungus etc. Every…

Q: Distinguish between direct and indirect transmission of disease.Cite at least one example of each

A: Transmission Transmission is defined as the process through which disease-causing agents are…

Q: Explain the differences between communicable and noncommunicableinfectious diseases, and between…

A: Based on the way of transmission of diseases, the diseases are classified various types. Based on…

Q: Explain why simply having antibodies specific forH. capsulatum in the bloodstream is not evidenceof…

A: In our body there are special system called the IMMUNE SYSTEM that fights against the infections.…

Q: Differentiate between exogenous and endogenous infections.

A: Infections are caused when a foreign pathogenic organism infects the host and becomes hostile…

Q: Define zoonosis and describe the difficulties in controllingzoonotic infections.

A: Zoonosis is an infection that can be transmitted between animals and humans. Animals carrying…

Q: Describe the molecules or structures that facilitate pathogenadherence to host tissues.

A: The cell surface receptor or appendages that are known to favor the attachment of bacteria to the…

Q: Give an example of an infection that can be diagnosed by a LFA. Tell what it is and give a…

A: The mainstay of quick point-of-care diagnostics, lateral flow assays (LFAs) have the ability to…

Q: Describe the timeline of an acute infection, particularly naming which cells are the first to arrive…

A: Acute infections are infections that are caused suddenly by any condition or by pathogens such as…

Q: Explain the role of ' resident flora' in preventing infection and as source of infection

A: Resident flora are permanent residents of body sites especially the skin, oropharynx, colon, and…

Q: Give a Description of each Height of Infection: Convalescent Period:

A: The diseases arise under a condition when a pathogen enters into the body and triggers a Immunogenic…

Q: Compare and contrast the latent and Acute infections with regard to the maximum amount of new…

A: Acute infections: They are of relatively short duration Have rapid recovery Most Infectious agents…

Q: Differentiate between airborne and droplet infection.  Differentiate between direct and indirect…

A: Infections are illnesses caused by the invasion and colonization of pathogenic harmful…

Q: Name some examples of infections and their portals of exit.

A: Pathogens have specific exit paths from the host called the portals of exit. In most cases the…

Q: Determine the link between Streptococcus pyogenes infection and some types of obsessive-compulsive…

A: A Gram-positive bacterium called Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for a number of illnesses…

Q: Explain what features of the virulence, infectious dose, andincubation period of Ebola virus…

A: Ebola is a rare but deadly virus that causes fever, body aches, and diarrhea, and sometimes bleeding…

Q: Compare subclinical infection and chronic infection.

A: We know that Infection is the result of foreign organism in the body. Infections are classified in…

Q: Give explanation on modes of transmission in communicable diseases.

A: A communicable disease is defined as a disease that can be transmitted from one person to another in…

Q: List and describe the four methods by which infection can be transferred from the source to the host

A: Infection is caused in our bodies by various pathogens. The pathogen enters the body and affects the…

Q: The difference between direct and indirect contact infection? Example

A: Infection is defined as the process of causing harm or disease within the body by the  invasion of…

Q: Describe the steps necessary to prevent tetanus in an individualwho has sustained a puncture wound.

A: Tetanus can be defined as a serious disease that is caused by a bacterial toxin that generated its…

Q: Identify patients most at risk for infection ?

A: A disease is a specific aberrant condition that affects the structure or function of all or part of…

Q: Single Matching. Match the disease with its primary mode of transmission or acquisition in humans.

A: Modes of transmission mean the way how a pathogen is transferred from one person or place to…

Q: Write a chain of infection for any communicable disease… all sections included about the disease?…

A: The chain of infection nothing but the way  by which a disease begins and it is spread .There are…

Q: Explain strategies used to prevent and treat streptococcal infections.

A: Bacteria are a group of prokaryotic microscopic single celled organisms. They live in diverse…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.