Computer Architecture: Give the decimal and hexadecimal values of the machine instructions for the following sample instructions: beq $t0, $s1, 1000 lbu $s0, 100($t2) j 2000 lui $t1, 100 bne $t2, $s2, 1000
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Computer Architecture: Give the decimal and hexadecimal values of the machine instructions for the following sample instructions:
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- How does pipelining improve CPU efficiency? What’s the potential effect on pipelining’s efficiency when executing a conditional BRANCH instruction? What techniques can be used to make pipelining more efficient when executing conditional BRANCH instructions?A(n) ________________ instruction always alters the instruction execution sequence. A(n) ______________ instruction alters the instruction execution sequence only if a specified Condition is true.Most Intel CPUs use the __________, in which each memory address is represented by two integers.
- Identify the three elements of a CPU and describe the role of each.Processor R is a 64-bit RISC processor with a 2 GHz clock rate. The average instruction requires one cycle to complete, assuming zero wait state memory accesses. Processor C is a CISC processor with a 1.8 GHz clock rate. The average simple instruction requires one cycle to complete, assuming zero wait state memory accesses. The average complex instruction requires two cycles to complete, assuming zero wait state memory accesses. Processor R can’t directly implement the complex processing instructions of Processor C. Executing an equivalent set of simple instructions requires an average of three cycles to complete, assuming zero wait state memory accesses. Program S contains nothing but simple instructions. Program C executes 70% simple instructions and 30% complex instructions. Which processor will execute program S more quickly? Which processor will execute program C more quickly? At what percentage of complex instructions will the performance of the two processors be equal?The time it takes to perform the fetch instruction and decode instruction steps is called the execution time. True or false?
- Q.In a computer instruction format, the instruction length is 11 bits and the size of an address field is 4 bits. Is it possible to have 32 zero-address instructions using the specified format? Justify your answer.Q.In a computer instruction format, the instruction length is 11 bits and the size of an address field is 4 bits. Is it possible to have 5 two-address instructions using the specified format? Justify your answer.Q.In a computer instruction format, the instruction length is 11 bits and the size of an address field is 4 bits. Is it possible to have 45 one-address instructionsusing the specified format? Justify your answer.
- In a computer instruction format, the instruction length is 11 bits and the size of an address field is 4 bits. Is it possible to have 5 two-address instructions 45 one-address instructions 32 zero-address instructions using the specified format? Justify your answer.In a computer instruction format, the instruction length is 16 bits, and the size of an address field is 4 Is it possible to have: 15 instructions with 3 addresses, 14 instructions with 2 addresses, 31 instructions with one address, and 16 instructions with zero addresses, using this format? Justify your answer.A CPU has a frequency of 2GHz and can execute code with three types of instructions: Type 1 instructions require 1 cycle to finish. Type 2 instructions require 4 cycles to finish. Type 3 instructions require 10 cycles to finish. For each combination of instruction types below, estimate the total number of instructions executed in 1 second. Select the closest choice (round to the nearest). Note, the percentages indicate the number of instructions of each type in the executed code.
