Consider a gene with two alleles, L and M, that exhibit complete dominance. The table below provides the relative fitnesses of the three genotypes in two populations. LL LM MM Population 1 0.8 0.3 0.3 Population 2 0.9 1.0 1.0 a. Which allele is dominant, and how do you know? b. Which allele will increase (in each population), and how do you know? c. In which population will the change in allele frequencies occur more quickly, and how do you know?
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- A) Explain why we use the concept of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium if populations are never stable? B) What do the mathematical results tell us if the allele frequencies do not match our predictions? (In other words, if you have extra spotted fish in a generation, what has happened?)Suppose that in a population the frequency of a particular recessive condition is 1/400. Assume this is locus with two alleles (A and a) in the population and that the population is at Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. What is the frequency of the carriers of this condition in the population? A. 0.9025 B. 0.0025 C. 0.05 D. 0.095 E. 0.0475Consider a hypothetical beetle whose back abdomen pattern is determined by two alleles A1 and A2. Beetles that are homozygous for the 'A1' allele have solid coloring, beetles that are heterozygous (A1A2) are spotted, and beetles that are homozygous for the A2 allele are striped. You find a population of 100 of these beetles and count each phenotype (shown below). TRUE or FALSE: this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What is the predicted frequency of spotted beetle? Solid Beetles = 49 Spotted Beetles = 35 Striped Beetles = 16 asap please
- A sample of 100 individuals from a population that is dimorphic at the A locus has genotype counts as follows. AA: 30 Aa: 60 aa: 10 a) What are the allele frequencies in the population? b) What are the expected genotype frequencies, if the population were at HardyWeinberg equilibrium? c) Is the proportion of heterozygotes lower or higher than expected at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What deviations from the assumptions of the model would best explain the observed difference?The locus in a species of wild apples affects the redness of the fruit. There are two alleles, V1 and V2. V2V2 individuals have a redness index of 10 on average, V1V2 individuals have a redness index of 12 on average, and V1V1 individuals have a redness index of 18 on average. (a) Compute the additive (a) and dominance (d) effects of this locus. (b) Compute the population mean spot number if V1 is at a frequency of 0.30.If there are 12 rock pocket mice with dark fur and 4 with light-colored fur in a population, what is the value of q? Remember that light-colored fur is recessive. If the frequency of p in a population is 60% (0.6), what is the frequency of q? In a population of 1000 rock pocket mice, 360 have dark-colored fur. The others have light-colored fur. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what percentage of mice in the population are homozygous dominant dark-colored mice?
- a) Suppose the frequency of the recessive allele a for the recessive condition albinism is 0.2 Assume the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. ai) What is the frequency of albinism in the general population? aii) What fraction of the population are carriers? b) In a large population of mice, 0.58 have the recessive genetic condition rsiancer (fictional). Assume the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. What fraction of mice are carriers? Giver your answer with two digits parts the decimal point. c) In a large population of squirrels, 0.14 have the recessive genetic condition nlourianfilindr (fictional). Assume the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. What is the frequency of the dominant allele in this population? Give your answer with two digits parts the decimal point. d) In a large population of chimpanzees, there is a recessive genetic condition telactalase (fictional). Assume the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. If the frequency of dominant allele is 0.77 then what fraction of the population has…If gene A/a is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to natural selection such that individuals with the genotype AA have a fitness value of 1.0, heterozygotes have only slightly reduced fitness at 0.9, and individuals with the genotype aa have a fitness value of 0.6, what kind of change in allele frequency would you expect to see over time assuming you start with equal frequencies of the 2 alleles?Assuming a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, an increase in the frequency of the p(A) allele from 0.6 to 0.9 would result in which of the following outcomes? a. A decrease in the number of homozygous dominant individuals within the population b. A decrease in the number of homozygous recessive individuals within the population c. An increase in the number of homozygous recessive individuals within the population d. An increase in the number of heterozygotes within the population e. No change in genotypic frequency within the population
- Assume that the frequency of gene B in a hypothetical population Is 0.63, that there are only two alleles (B and b) of the gee in the population, that allele B is dominant over allele b, that neither allele has a selective advantage over the other, and that the population is at equilibrium with regard to this particular gene. What proportion of the population is expected to have the phenotype specified by the B allele according to the Hardy-Weinberg formula? 0.47 0.87 0.67 0.40 0.37Imagine that you have a test population of birds. You know from your previous research that there are two alleles (at the same locus) that govern feather type. Genotypes, and their associated phenotypes, are as follows: RR Red feathers Rr Red feathers rr white feathers Observing your population, you determine that you have 500 chickens with white feathers and 600 chickens with Red feathers. Based on Hardy–Weinberg expectations, how many of these are likely to be heterozygotes? (Show all your work)Consider a set of genotypes with fitnesses: AA = 1.12 Aa = 1.04 aa = 1.0 Where the frequency of the "A" allele is 0.4. A. What is delta p, the change in the allele frequency to the next generation? B. What is the new frequency of the "A" allele after one generation of selection? (Note: provide both values to the nearest 0.0001)