consider a market for two differentiated products. demand for good 1 is d1 = 1-p1 + 1/4p2 and demand for second is d2 = 1-p2 + 1/4p1 where p1 and p2 are prices of the goods. Suppose firm 1 produces good 1 and firm 2 produces good 2. All production costs are sunk, that is, firms supply at zero production cost. Assume that firms compete in prices. (a) Calculate the diversion ratio. b) Derive the reaction function of each firm and calculate the Nash equilibrium in prices.
Q: Game theory is: O a view on the development of children's games and toys. O the analysis of market…
A: Game theory basically refers to a branch of mathematics that studies strategic decision-making. It…
Q: A firm has the production function q = f(L, K) = min{L2, K2}. This firm has: increasing returns to…
A: The question is what magnitude that production function returns to the firm under consideration. The…
Q: Assume that two firms, Wilson and Spalding, can manufacture basketballs for the entire Norfolk…
A: Demand function: Here, The cost function is given as;Wilson is firm 1 and Norfolk is firm 2.
Q: Suppose the production possibility frontier for cheese-burgers (C) and milkshakes (M) is given by C…
A: Question aMaximum Cheeseburgers: If all resources go towards cheeseburgers (M = 0), then C = 600…
Q: Consider a version of the Phillips curve where a proportion of wages, 1>>0, are now indexed to the…
A: The Phillips curve establishes the relationship between inflation in time period t and unemployment…
Q: The figure below shows the national market for mopeds in a small country. Dd and Sd are the domestic…
A: A tariff is a tax or duty imposed by a government on imported or exported goods. The purpose of a…
Q: Which of the following would increase the consumption component of U.S. GDP? Select one: OA. A Baton…
A: GDP refers to the gross domestic product that refers to the monetary value of all final goods and…
Q: 3. Consider a one-consumer one-firm economy in which u(x) = ax2+xq, w = 1 and f(z) = z². (a) Derive…
A: In economics, the Pareto set consists of solutions where any improvement for one person inevitably…
Q: In the theory of perfect competition, the firm faces a demand curve that is and the market demand…
A: In the realm of perfect competition, firms operate within a market structure characterized by…
Q: Assume that the long-run level of output is Y = 1000, which the economy is also at initially in the…
A: IS curve is a part of IS-LM model. It is the general equilibrium of the economy where Aggregate…
Q: Suppose each firm of the industry has a short-run total cost curve of C=5+2q+q2, where q is output…
A: Total cost is the total cost of producing the goods. Total cost is the sum of total fixed cost and…
Q: **Practice** suppose that many insurance companies sell contracts of the following format: - The…
A: Please refer below for detailed explanations of the above question.Explanation:Step 1: 1: Answer A.…
Q: Assume that both Apple and Samsung have a marginal cost of 20. Apple’s payoff function is…
A: In oligopolies, Nash equilibrium emerges when firms optimize profits, factoring in competitors'…
Q: In small collegetowns, it is not uncommon that the rental market is dominated by one or a handful…
A: In this monopolistic rental market, the equilibrium quantity and price can be found as…
Q: meaning. 04.46 ← 2. Thus, given any one utility function, any monotonic transformation of it will…
A: The objective of the question is to understand the concept of monotonic transformations and their…
Q: Q7. Answer the following questions. (Use suitable graphs to explain your answers) (i) For the…
A: Engel demand curve represents the quantity demanded for a good at different levels of income keeping…
Q: Assume generic goods are inferior goods. Ceteris paribus, an increase in consumer income will cause…
A: It refers to the quantity(Q) of a service and item that consumers are willing and ready to purchase…
Q: Question 2 - The Mundell-Fleming model with a fixed exchange rate Consider the Mundell-Fleming model…
A: Given;To calculate the equilibrium exchange rate and find the effect of a fall in autonomous…
Q: The highway has a supply function of: t2=292 And the local road has a supply function of: t1=4+q1…
A: The transportation problems are the mathematical models of linear programming which considers the…
Q: 4. Which point should this firm choose to maximize revenues? Price ($) $600 (5,000, $550) (10,000,…
A: An oligopoly is a market arrangement where the majority of the market is controlled by a small…
Q: The figure illustrates an economy's Phillips curves. The following events are INDEPENDENT of each…
A: A negative relationship between inflation and unemployment is illustrated through the phillips…
Q: Why are income taxes on capital income more powerful than those on labour income? Taxes on capital…
A: Here we are given with 3 questions, first question is about, why are income taxes on capital income…
Q: Figure: Aggregate Expenditures Curve II Aggregate expenditures (per year) $800 Reference: Ref 11-16…
A: Aggregate expenditure refers to the total spending within an economy over a specific period,…
Q: 6. Suppose nominal GDP decreased by 1.5%. Over that year, the GDP deflator increased by 1.0%. From…
A: Real GDP is the macroeconomic indicator of the total economic output. The overall output is adjusted…
Q: Most modern central banks engage in inflation targeting instead of aiming at some nominal level of…
A: Central bank refers to the institution of a an economy that uses its monetary policy to maintain the…
Q: Only typed solution
A: The objective of this question is to evaluate the economic impacts of transitioning from a…
Q: Suppose that the fish processor could use a different production method that involves recycling…
A: The economic profit for recycling and non-recycling for the fish processor and the water park is…
Q: 5. The production function is given by y = x₁ + 2x2. If w₁ = 10, w₂ = 8, will the firm use input…
A: Microeconomic firm theory examines how companies optimize profits through production, resource…
Q: 2) Suppose that consumers of a good can be represented by the demand function Q (P) = 50 - P. The…
A: The monopoly market is represented by the single seller in the market. The single seller in the…
Q: Exhibit: Deposit Expansion Stages What is the required reserve ratio? Group of answer choices 1)…
A: The reserve ratio is the ratio or percentage of the deposits that the banks are required to keep to…
Q: Consider the strategic form game below: Suppose that both players have a discount factor of \delta =…
A: Game theory has a wide range of applications in current socioeconomics, including pricing tactics,…
Q: PRICE (Dollars per 1010 940 870 800 730 Pw 660 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 QUANTITY…
A: CS is the extra benefit consumers get from buying a product at a price(P) lower than their WTP or…
Q: **Practice** Consider a market with three firms. Each firm has a different cost function. We assume…
A: In oligopoly market structure, there are handful of suppliers and numerous buyers. Firms compete…
Q: What are the basic functions of money in the economy, and how do these functions help facilitate…
A: Cash plays an essential part in any economy., however understanding its fundamental capabilities can…
Q: An internet service provider (ISP) can lower their average cost to provide internet to a region by…
A: Markets facilitate the allocation of scarce resources.They allow purchasers and sellers to interact…
Q: Three mutually exclusive alternatives may replace the current equipment. Year A B с 012345 -$20,000…
A: MARR stands for Minimum Acceptable Rate of Return. It is the minimum rate of return that an investor…
Q: High-power experimental engines are being developed by the Stevens Motor Company for use in its new…
A: The objective of the question is to calculate a confidence interval for the average maximum…
Q: Suppose the demand curve for a monopoly firm’s product is given by P = 120 – 2Q. Marginal cost of…
A: The inverse demand function is given as The marginal cost is given as 8Q. The firm is a monopoly…
Q: A firm uses inputs L and K to produce output Q and the production function is Q = 5LK. The firm is…
A: A production function represents the relationship between inputs and outputs in the production…
Q: An economy is described by the following equations C = 300+ 0.5 (Y-T) Y* = 1000 T=180 IP 50 G 150 NX…
A: The objective of the question is to determine the policy that the government should implement to…
Q: Refer to Table III. Which quantity of output is the profit-maximizing level? Table III Quantity…
A: Total revenue is an important financial indicator that gives a quick overview of a business's…
Q: Consider a utility function with one consumption good q1 and one type of leisure q2 c) Show…
A: The change takes place in the consumption and demand of the person and their purchasing power as a…
Q: meaning. 04.46 ← 2. Thus, given any one utility function, any monotonic transformation of it will…
A: The objective of the question is to understand the concept of monotonic transformations and their…
Q: The following national income data are available for a country. All data are in billion dollars.…
A: Economic growth refers to the increase in the value of output or income in a country over a certain…
Q: This is a Hotelling model question There are two firms, A and B. Firm A has a marginal cost=$4,…
A: A best response function is a concept used to describe the optimal strategy that a player should…
Q: PRICE LEVEL (CPI) The following graph represents the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) based…
A: Blank 1 : LessBlank 2 : Decrease Blank 3 : HigherBlank 4 : BelowBlank 5 : Higher The SRAS curve…
Q: 3. An industrial coal-fired boiler for process steam is equipped with a 10-year-old electrostatic…
A: The present worth of a project or investment refers to its value at present based on the associated…
Q: Assume that both the U.S. and Germany produce beef and computer chips with following costs: Unit…
A: Marginal Rate of Transformation (MRT): MRT represents the rate at which one good must be sacrificed…
Q: What was the diversity percentage for the writer's team of the "Full Frontal with Samantha Bee"?…
A: Question 11 Answer:As per the economics definition, diversity implies the composition of people in…
Q: How do changes in the interest rates set by a central bank influence the exchange rates between…
A: National banks change financing costs as a component of their money-related strategy to control…
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 13 images
- We have three buyers who value a good at $45. There are three possible sellers A, B, C whose marginal costs of production are $20, $30 and $50.Assuming all benefits (and costs) accrue to the buyers (and sellers) what is total surplus created if the buyers and sellers interact in a market? Do not enter the $sign. Notice that you have enough information to only compute surplus for integer values of the good so I should not have to say–assume integer values for good–you should know it.An industry has the following cost function: C(X, Y ) = 1500+20X +20Y . Market demands for the 2 goods are given by PX =80−X, and PY =140−2Y Suppose the government wished to use two part tariffs in these markets, and suppose further that two part tariffs are feasible. Imagine that there are 10 consumer in each market. Solve for a set of two part tariffs (one for each martket) that pay the firm zero profits in total, yet achieves efficiency.You make delicious cupcakes that you mail to customers across the country. Your cupcakes are so unique and special that you have a great deal of pricing power. Your customers have identical demand curves for your cupcakes, and a representative customer’s demand curve is shown below. (It’s not needed, but the demand curve equation is P=5-0.2Q or Q=25-5P.) Suppose your MC=$1/cupcake, whether you produce lots or just a few cupcakes. To keep things simple, suppose there are no fixed costs, so FC=0. a) Acting as a monopolist, show the standard pricing analysis on the graph below that identifies your profit-mamximing price and quantity for your representative customer. Shade areas representing your profit and CS. (PS and profit are the same here since FC=0). b) Suppose you offer a quantity discount: first 10 cupcakes at $3 each and any cupcakes over 10 are offered at a discounted price. What discount price will maximize your profit? Show this quantity discount arrangement on your graph…
- Consider a single country and a single good. The demand curve for this good is given by QD = 144 - 4P. Thereare two firms serving the market: Firm A and Firm B, where Firm A has a marginal cost of $20 and Firm B hasa marginal cost of $16. There are no fixed costs incurred by either firm. Firm A produces 16 units and firm B produces 32 units. The equilibrium price is $24. Total Profit for Firm A = $64 Total Profit for Firm B = $256 Assume that these firms compete in Cournot fashion. What is the consumer surplus? Show your work.Consider a “market” with differently substitute goods. Firms1 and 2 produce homogeneous goods, but firm 3 produces a differentiated (imperfectlysubstitute) good. Thus, the inverse demand functions for each of the firms are:P1 = 1 − 2q1 − 2q2− .5q3P2 = 1 − 2q2 − 2q1− .5q3P3 = 1 − 2q3 − .5q1− .5q2All firms have zero costs. They compete in quantities. We want to study this “market” todefine a relevant market as traditionally done by antitrust agencies, and to that end weare going to perform the SSNIP test. The question is whether the product offered by firm3 is in the same “market” as that offered by firms 1 and 2. Thus, we need to know if a“hypothetical” monopoly (or cartel) producing goods 1 and 2 would increase the price bya 5-10% at least. Thus,(a) let us first compute the prices in this “market” as it is. (You can use symmetrybetween firms 1 and 2, so that you expect q1 = q2, to speed up the computationof equilibrium outputs and prices.)(b) Now consider a hypothetical monopoly that…Consider a competitive market for some commodity x in which some firms are polluters. Firm A: C(xA ) = 25xA and the environmental cost to society is E(xA ) = 15xA. Firm B: C(xB) = (1/10)x (xB x xB ) and the environmental cost to society is E(xB ) = 0. Assume initially that the market operates without any recognition of environmental costs. Both firms are price-takers. Determine for what prices Firm A will provide the good? Does it matter to firm A what quantity is supplied? Find the supply function for Firm B. Assume the market demand for the commodity is given by x(p)=40000/p 3. Find the competitive market equilibrium price and quantity using your answers in 1) and 2) when the firm supplies reflect their ability to compete at a given price. 4. Suppose a planner uses the representative consumer’s utility function, to find the socially optimal allocation of resources to the two firms. Choose (xA, xB, Y) to solve max U(x, y) = (40000)ln(X) + Y Subject to x= xA + xB, xA ≥ 0 xB…
- (2) (Assume that s = 0 (there is no subsidy.)(a) Write down firm A’s profit function. (No work required.)(b) Find each firm’s best response function. (You may do this directly or by setting s to zero inyour expressions from (1b).(c) Solve for equilibrium outputs (q*A, q*B). You may either use the symmetry in this problem toassume a symmetric solution, or solve for firm B’s best response and solve the two best responsessimultaneously. (d) Solve for the equilibrium price.(e) Solve for the equilibrium profits.1. The demand function for a certain brand of DVD is given byp = −0.01x^2− 0.2x + 8where p is the unit price in dollars and x is the quantity demanded each week,measured in units of a thousand. Determine the consumers’ surplus if the market price is set at $5 per disc. PART 2 of number 1: The supplier of the DVD in problem #1 will make x hundred units availablein the market when the unit price in dollars isp =√36 + 1.8xDetermine the producers’ surplus if the market price is set at $9 per unit. 2.The demand function for a certain kind of mattress is given byp = 600e^−0.04xwhere p is the unit price in dollars and x (in units of a hundred) is the quantity demanded each month.(a) Find the number of mattresses demanded per month if the unit price isset at $250 per mattress.(b) Use the results of part (a) to find the consumers’ surplus if the sellingprice is set at $250 per mattress. PART 2 of number 2: The manufacturer of the brand of mattress of problem #2 will make x hundred units…The Chief Medical Officer has advised the government that consumption of widget-corn improves the survival rate of COVID-19 by 20%. Supposethe supply and demand functions for widget-corn are:QD = 100 – 5P (1)QS = 5P. (2) P is the price in dollar and Q is the quantity in kilograms.a. Determine the market equilibrium price and quantity of widget-corn? b. Calculate the consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total economic surplus at the market equilibrium. c. Having confirmed the positive impact of widget-corn consumption on COVID-19 patients, the government has ordered widget-cornsellers to charge $5 per kilogram.(i) What type of price regulation policy is this? Briefly explain. (ii) Calculate the impact of the policy on the quantity of widget-corn supplied and demanded. (iii) Explain the impact of the policy consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total economic surplus. (iv) Is the outcome of the government’s policy efficient and, therefore, maintained or abandoned? Explain in detail.…
- Exercise A.9 In a market only two firms produce a homogeneous good. You work on one of them and are tasked with drawing up the production strategy for the coming year. The two companies in the market have the same information and the objective of both is the maximization of their profit. You know: the inverse market demand curve of the good: P(Q)=200-2Q where Q = q₁ + q₂ , the function that represents the costs of your company and the rival company: C(qᵢ) = 20qᵢ (for i=1, 2), and the data in the following table, with the optimal decisions according to the different types of competition:C(qᵢ) = 20qᵢ and the data in the following table, with the optimal decisions according to the different types of competition: q1 q2 P Bertrand 45 45 20 Cournot 30 30 80 Collusion 22,5 22,5 110 a) What is more in your company's interest to compete or cooperate with the rival company? Keep in mind that explicit collusion agreements are illegal, so each…A firm produces two products (Goods 1 and 2) and has three consumer types (A, B, and C), each of whom represent 1/3 of the market. The consumers’ willingness to pay for each good is given in the following table: Consumer: GOOD 1 GOOD 2 A $600 $100 B $1000 $50 C $350 $150 a.) Suppose both goods are produced at zero marginal cost. If the goods cannot be bundled, what is the optimal price to charge for each good? b.) If the goods can be bundled, what is the optimal price to charge for each bundle? What is the total profit? Should your firm bundle or not? c.) Suppose the production of each good entails a marginal cost of $80 (so the MC of the bundle is $160). How would this this change your answers to a. and b. above?Say in a market we haveDemand is P = 5 – 0.005QSupply is P = 0.00125Qa-you will have a graph with price on the vertical axis and quantity on the horizontal axis formost parts of this problem. You will want to show intercept values and equilibrium values withthe specific values from the problem (when you graph the supply show it go out at least to thesame level of Q as the Q intercept for the demand curve).b-what are the equilibrium price and quantity traded in the market?c-say the government levies an excise tax in the market of 50 cents that renders the supply tonow be P = .00125Q + 0.5 (essentially the supply curve shifts up by 50 cents at each quantity).What are the new equilibrium price and quantity traded in the market with this excise tax?d-did the market price increase by as much as the 50 cent tax? (compare the market priceincrease with the amount of the tax of 50 cents)e-what is then loss in consumer surplus from the tax? Do consumers like excise taxes?f-what is the elasticity…