Consider the following design problem concerning implementation of virtual-circuit service. If virtual circuits are used internal to the subnet, each data packet must have a 3-byte header and each router must tie up 8 bytes of storage for circuit identification. If datagrams are used internally, 15-byte headers are needed but no router table space is required. Transmission capacity costs 1 cent per 10 bytes, per hop. Very fast router memory can be purchased for 1 cent per byte and is depreciated over two years, assuming a 40-hour business week. The statistically average session runs for 1000 sec, in which time 200 packets are transmitted. The mean packet requires four hops. Which implementation is cheaper, and by how much?

Consider the following design problem concerning implementation of virtual-circuit service. If virtual circuits are used internal to the subnet, each data packet must have a 3-byte header and each router must tie up 8 bytes of storage for circuit identification. If datagrams are used internally, 15-byte headers are needed but no router table space is required. Transmission capacity costs 1 cent per 10 bytes, per hop. Very fast router memory can be purchased for 1 cent per byte and is depreciated over two years, assuming a 40-hour business week. The statistically average session runs for 1000 sec, in which time 200 packets are transmitted. The mean packet requires four hops. Which implementation is cheaper, and by how much?

Operations Research : Applications and Algorithms

4th Edition

ISBN:9780534380588

Author:Wayne L. Winston

Publisher:Wayne L. Winston

Chapter20: Queuing Theory

Section20.10: Exponential Queues In Series And Open Queuing Networks

Problem 8P

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This elementary problem begins to explore propagation delay and transmission delay, two central concepts in data networking. Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec. Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to Host B. a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose Host A begins to transmit the packet at time t = 0. At time t = dtrans, where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t = dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?g. Suppose s = 2.5 * 108 meters/sec, L = 120 bits, and R = 0.112 Mbps. Find the distance m…
3.Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints ANS： 223.1.17.0/26 223.1.17.128/25 223.1.17.192/28 I'm not sure if my answer is correct, could you give me a detailed answer,I'm not sure how to compute the 223.1.17.x. this question is from: https://www.bartleby.com/solution-answer/chapter-4-problem-P8P-computer-networking-a-topdown-approach-7th-edition-7th-edition/9780133594140/6bbc2304-b288-11e8-9bb5-0ece094302b6 thanks for your help
3.Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints ANS： 223.1.17.0/26 223.1.17.128/25 223.1.17.192/28 I'm not sure if my answer is correct, could you give me a detailed answer,I'm not sure how to compute the 223.1.17.x. this question is from: Three different subnets named Subnet 1, Subnet 2 and Subnet 3 are interconnected in a network and the interfaces related to these subnets require a prefix 223.1.17/24. Subnet 1 that supports minimum of 60 interfaces requires the network address 223.1.17.0/26. The network address required by the Subnet 2 that supports minimum of 90 interfaces is 223.1.17.128/25. Subnet 3 which supports at least 12 interfaces requires the network address…
3.Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints ANS： 223.1.17.0/26 223.1.17.128/25 223.1.17.192/28 I'm not sure if my answer is correct, could you give me a detailed answer,I'm not sure how to compute /x
P8. Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3. Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support at least 60 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support at least 90 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support at least 12 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints.
Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3. Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support 70 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support 40 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support 40 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints. Please provide a short discussion justifying your answer.
Q) Consider a single TCP connection using a 10 Gbps link which does not buffer any data. Assume the TCP sender has a huge file to send to the receiver and the receiver’s receive buffer is much larger than the congestion window. We make the following simplifying assumptions:→ Each TCP segment size is 1500 bytes→ The RTT of the connection is 100 ms→ The TCP connection is always in congestion avoidance (ignore slow start) Calculate the loss rate of L using the given image as a formula to achieve 10 Gbps throughput, please specify all the calculations in detail.
Consider a TCP connection with the following parameters: a) Initial ssthreshold = 4 segmentsb) Round Trip Time (RTT) = 10 millisecondsc) Timeout period = 40 millisecondsd) Segment size = 3900 bytesThe TCP connection was used to transfer 17 data segments. While sendingthe segments, data segment 7 and data segment 15 were lost the first timethey were sent (but arrived at the receiver properly when retransmitted).There were no other segment losses apart from the aforementioned. Assumethat data segments received out-of-order are buffered at the receiver. Whatis the average throughput obtained in sending all the data segments (inbytes/sec)? Draw a diagram to show the communication process in detail.
Consider a TCP connection with the following parameters: a) Initial ssthreshold = 4 segmentsb) Round Trip Time (RTT) = 10 millisecondsc) Timeout period = 40 millisecondsd) Segment size = 3900 bytesThe TCP connection was used to transfer 17 data segments. While sendingthe segments, data segment 7 and data segment 15 were lost the first timethey were sent (but arrived at the receiver properly when retransmitted).There were no other segment losses apart from the aforementioned. Assumethat data segments received out-of-order are buffered at the receiver. Whatis the average throughput obtained in sending all the data segments (inbytes/sec) including draw a diagram to show the communication process in detail.
Assume a 10Mbps Ethernet has two nodes, A and B, connected by a 360m cable with threerepeaters in between, and they each have one frame of 1,024 bits to send to each other. Further assumethat the signal propagation speed across the cable is 2*10^8 m/sec, CSMA/CD uses back-off intervals ofmultiples of 512 bits, and each repeater will insert a store-and-forward delay equivalent to 20-bittransmission time. At time t=0, both A and B attempt to transmit. After the first collision, A draws K = 0and B draws K = 1 in the exponential back-off protocol after sending the 48bits jam signal. a. What is the one-way propagation delay (including all repeater delays) between A and B inseconds? At what time is A's packet completely delivered at B? b. Now suppose that only A has a packet to send and that the repeaters are replaced with switches.Suppose that each switch has an 8-bit processing delay in addition to a store-and-forward delay.At what time, in seconds, is A's packet delivered at B?
Consider a router that interconnects three subnets: Subnet 1, Subnet 2, and Subnet 3. Suppose all of the interfaces in each of these three subnets are required to have the prefix 223.1.17/24. Also suppose that Subnet 1 is required to support up to 25 interfaces, Subnet 2 is to support up to 50 interfaces, and Subnet 3 is to support up to 75 interfaces. Provide three network addresses (of the form a.b.c.d/x) that satisfy these constraints
Section B (Design Works)Below is a nested MPLS network by MTN. With the assumption that Customer 6 (C6) is connected to Router 6 (R6), execute a Dijkstra Algorithm on a Link State routing to determine the shortest path for Customer 6 to transmit packets to every other Customer/Destination connected to the rest of the Routers on the network.a. Tabulate the executed iteration for the Dijkstra Algorithm using the table below.Iteration0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Nodes[6][6,3][6,3,2] [6,3,2,1] [6,3,2,1,4] [6,3,2,1,4,5] [6,3,2,1,4,5,7] [6,3,2,1,4,5,7,8] [6,3,2,1,4,5,7,8,9] [6,3,2,1,4,5,7,8,9,10]R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R7 R8 R9 R10–...2/3 b. Build/Sketch the new Dijkstra Shortest Path Tree.c. Tabulate a Distance Vector Routing Table with the following headings; Destination, Route, Least Cost and Next Hop using the table below.DestinationCustomer 1 Customer 2 Customer 3 Customer 4 Customer 5 Customer 7 Customer 8 Customer 9 Customer 10RouteLeast CostNext Hop–...3/3