Consider the intertemporal model of consumption studied in class, with two possible periods. Consider initially that an individual is a borrower. If the interest rate increases: (a)The individual will never become a saver. (b)The individual will always remain a borrower. (c)The individual will be worse off, provided she remains a borrower. (d)The individual can be better off, but only if she becomes a saver. Both c and d.
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- “Permanent Income of consumption is just the average of all current and future incomes. Thus, one does not need to do the maximisation of intertemporal utility”. True or False. Discuss according to the model. Note that you need to discuss according to the model?In the Neoclassical model of determination of income in the long run we assumed that aggregate consumption was an increasing function of disposable income, , and nothing else. Suppose that instead we assume that consumption is an increasing function of disposable income, , and a decreasing function of the real interest rate, . Provide an economic rationale for making consumption a function of the real interest rate. How does this assumption change the national saving function relative to the benchmark model Using the model developed in (1), use a diagram for the market for loanable funds to describe what happens to national saving, national investment, and the real interest rate when government expenditure increases. Make sure to also explain in your own words the economic intuition of your results.Explain the criticism of life cycle theory of consumption and highlight the importance of economic models
- Multiple choice question and give a short explanation about your answer: According to the Fisher model does a change in the interest rate changes aconsumer’s behaviour if he/she is a borrower? a. a consumer keeps consumption equal in both periods trying to smooth it.b. second-period consumption might rise or fall depending on income orsubstitution effect variations.c. a consumer increases consumption in the first period.d. no effect at all.In the context of the Irving Fisher two-period model, if a person is a saver (i.e., C1 < Y1), a fall inthe real interest rate causes: (a) C1 to rise; C2 to fall(b) C1 ambiguous; C2 to fall(c) C1 to fall; C2 ambiguous(d) C1 to fall; C2 to riseIn a two-period model, an individual earns and consumes C1 in period 1 and only consumes C2 in period 2. Suppose the saving interest rate is 3.3% and the income in period 1 is $4,500. Assuming consumption smoothing, the consumption (C1 or C2) for period 1 and period 2 should be $ A . Compute A.In a two-period model, an individual earns and consumes C1 in period 1 and only consumes C2 in period 2. Suppose the saving interest rate is 3.3% and the income in period 1 is $4,500. Assuming consumption smoothing, the consumption (C1 or C2) for period 1 and period 2 should be $ A . Compute A.
- No written by hand solution Suppose an imaginary closed economy is characterized by the following: C = c0 + c1 (Y − T) T = t0 + t1Y I = 300 G = 300 C is consumption, Y and YD are, respectively, income and disposable income, T is the level of taxes, and I and G, are, respectively, private investment, and government spending. c0 and c1 are, respectively, autonomous consumption and the marginal propensity to consume; their values are unknown. However, the expression for private saving, S, is as specified below, where s1 is the marginal propensity to save out of total income. S = 0.4Y − 500 Assuming that the marginal tax rate, t1, is equal to 0.1 and the equilibrium GDP is 2000, find the level of autonomous taxes, t0, the equilibrium values of consumption, disposable income, and private saving.Hello . Can you please assist with the following queston below Q.1 State the three possible relationships between production, income andspending in macroeconomic theory. Q.2 Explain the relationship between consumption and saving in the Keynesian model.What is a random walk? How is Hall’s random-walk model of consumption related to the life-cycle and permanent-income hypotheses?
- Question : Fisher's two period model implies that as long as consumption in both periods is as a normal good, then an increase in income in period two: a- increases consumption in period 1 only. b-increases consumption in period 2 only. c. does not increas consumption in either period. d. increases consumption in both periods. e. increases consumption in period 1 and reduce consumption in period.QUESTION 5Imagine the following simple Keynesian macroeconomic model for a closed economy.TD = C + Ip + G (total demand)C = C0 + YD (aggregate household consumption)YD = Y − T (aggregate household disposable income)Ip = I0 + aY − bR (aggregate planned investment)Y = TD (output, equilibrium condition)BB = T – G (government budget balance)With:G government consumption, T taxes, R real interest rate (exogenous variables)C0) and I0 autonomous consumption and investment0 < a, c, a+c < 1, b > 0 constant parametersDerive the equation for output and answer the following question. If the government in this model simultaneously increases its consumption G and its taxes T by the same amount, then: total demand decreases, and equilibrium output declines. total demand decreases, and equilibrium output declines, but only if C > G. total demand increases, and equilibrium output rises. The rise of output is stronger the higher the households’ marginal propensity to consume. total demand…. Consider the macroeconomic model of a two-sector economy (i.e. no government or trade) using standard notation. Assume that the consumption function is linear, i.e. of the form: C = a +bY . It is known that when ? = 110, the value of consumption, C , is equal to 160.8, and that when ? = 170, the value of C is 207.6. (a) Determine the consumption function and derive the savings ( S ) function for the model. What is the marginal propensity to consume? (b) Determine the equilibrium level of national income when planned investment ? = 255.