Consider the Stop and Wait protocol, if transmission time is 'a' at the source and propagation delay is 'b', then after what time,

Q: Assume that there are only two stations, A and B, in a bus CSMA/CD network. The distance between the…

A: The solution to the both above mentioned question is given below as :---

Q: Can a single protocol be developed to solve every problem that occurs during transmission? What is…

A: Is it possible to develop a single protocol that overcomes all data transfer problems? In such…

Q: Tell a friend about the ARP protocol. Indicate the layer at which it operates and the type of…

A: Introduction: In a local-area network, the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol or…

Q: Consider a reliable data transfer protocol that uses only negative acknowledgments. Suppose the…

A: Justification: A NAK-only protocol is not preferable to a protocol that uses ACKs especially when…

Q: Suppose the sender's round-trip delay is constant and known to the sender. Will it be appropriate…

A: Yes, a timer is needed in the protocol rdt 3.0 even if the round trip delay time between the sender…

Q: Suppose that the roundtrip delay between sender and receiver is constant and known to the sender.…

A:

Q: True or untrue, and provide a short explanation for your answer: When both the transmitter and…

A: The answer for the above mentioned question is given in the following steps for your reference

Q: Consider a channel that can lose packets but has a maximum delay that is known. Modify protocol…

A: FSM of modified RDT 2.1 that includes sender timeout and retransmits:

Q: Assume that there is a constant roundtrip delay between the sender and the receiver, and that the…

A: Introduction: The time it takes a server to process and reply to a request is a possible barrier in…

Q: Initially suppose there is only one link between source and destination. Also suppose that the…

A: Given       Transmission delay  MP3 file is given below.

Q: c) If the propagation time were greater than the transmission delay, where is the first bit of the…

A: The answer is

Q: Assume that the sender is aware of the roundtrip delay and that it is both constant an

A: Given: A packet is a short piece of a bigger communication in networking. Data is broken into…

Q: Data packets containing 100 bits are transmitted over a communication link. Given that the…

A: Data packets containing 100 bits are transmitted over a communication link. Given that the…

Q: True or false, and please include a brief justification for your response: Alternating-bit protocol…

A: In the given question the alternating bit protocol is same as GBN with the sender and receiver…

Q: d) If the propagation time were less than the transmission delay, where is the first bit of the…

A: The answer is

Q: Consider there are 4 stations in the token ring. There is only one packet in the ring. Suppose if…

A: Explanation: The given case is of delayed token transmission, where the transmitter or sender is…

Q: Assume that the sender and receiver have a constant roundtrip delay and that the sender is aware of…

A: Assume that the sender and receiver have a constant roundtrip delay and that the sender is aware of…

Q: Draw the FSM for the sender and receiver side of protocol rdt 3.0.

A:

Q: Assume that the sender is aware of the roundtrip delay and that it is both constant and known to the…

A: Protocol:- The protocol is defined as the set of rules and regulations we need to follow when we…

Q: Q1. I Distinguish between the Go-Back-N ARQ and the Selective Repeat ARQ approaches. Use an example…

A: Introduction Q1. (i) Differentiate between Go-Back-N ARQ and Selective Repeat ARQ methods. Explain…

Q: Assume the use of the stop-and wait protocol. If an information frame is successfully received by…

A: Answer: I have given answered in the handwritten format in brief explanation

Q: Consider the task of developing a reliable protocol. If we assume the CRC code used is capable of…

A: CRC stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check which is an error control method. This contains generator…

Q: Find the output port for packets with the following destination addresses: Packet 1: 7176Packet 2:…

A: Solution: Packet 1: 2 Packet 2: 3 Packet 3: 3 Packet 4: 2

Q: If each packet is 50KB and the transmission rate between sender and receiver is 1Gbps with a…

A: Transmission time = 50KB/1Gbps = 50*1024*10-9 = 51.2 *10-6 sec Propagation time = 20ms = 20000 *10-6…

Q: (a) Find CRC code for message bits to be transmitted which is 11001110 with generator value 1011…

A: There are multiple questions. Here solving only the first question. If you want to solve the second…

Q: Consider a MAN with average source and destination 40 Km apart and one way delay of 200 usec. At…

A: Solution :

Q: Find the throughput of this system, expressed in terms of packet/slot

A: Formula for throughput for slotted ALOHA is  S(threshold) = G*e^-G Where G is the number of…

Q: a) Explain the ARP protocol to a friend. In that explanation,mention what layer it operates at and…

A: ARP Protocol :  ARP stands for Address Resolution ProtocolIt is used in Data link layerIt is used to…

Q: Consider the case of a packet being sent from one end system to the other. Each of the four types of…

A: When data is transported through a network from one end system to another, it is fragmented into…

Q: In a network, two systems are connected and the distance between the system is 5000 km. The…

A: Given that, Distance= 5000 Km Propagation speed= 2*107 m/s Bandwidth= 500 Mbps Packet size= 108 bits…

Q: A factor in the delay of a store-and-forward packet-switching system is how long it takes to store…

A: Answer

Q: delay? d) If the propagation time were less than the transmission delay, where is the first bit of…

A: The answer is

Q: Channel utilization with pipelining. Suppose a packet 10K bits long, the channel transmission rate…

A: Transmission time = L/B = 10K/10Mbps = 1ms Round trip time = 10ms Round trip time = 2*Propogation…

Q: Suppose that the roundtrip delay between sender and receiver is constant and known to the sender.…

A: Timer necessary in protocol Here the roundtrip delay between the sender and receiver is constant.…

Q: If a communication system has packets with sequence numbers from 0 to 3, what is the maximum send…

A: To find: What is the maximum send and receive window size for the Selective-Repeat protocol? With…

Q: Consider a stop-and-wait protocol where the channel does not corrupt any packets (no bit errors) but…

A: Below is the complete explanation about stop-and-wait protocol with delay of packets (or)…

Q: throughput using go back n protocol

A: The window size 10 is specified in the given problem. The bandwidth 1500 bps is specified in the…

Q: Provide a buddy with information on the ARP protocol. It should be identified by the layer at which…

A: Introduction: Finding the link-layer address, such as a MAC address, that corresponds to an…

Q: Suppose that the roundtrip delay between sender and receiver is constant and known the sender. Would…

A: Assume that the sender and receiver have a constant roundtrip delay and that the sender is aware of…

Q: d) If the propagation time were less than the transmission delay, where is the first bit of the…

A: Given, Rate (R) = 56kbps Propagation speed (v) = 2 * 108 m/s

Q: True or untrue, and provide a short justification for your answer: The alternating-bit protocol is…

A: Language is one of the most widely used programming language which has been used to create different…

Q: UDP and TCP use 1s complement for their checksums. Suppose the receive received two 3-bits payload…

A: According to the question , we have to find UDP and TCP use 1s complement for their checksums by two…

Q: Host A sends a 1500-byte packet to Host B. What is the transmission delay (in ms) of the packet from…

A: The answer is

Q: Suppose the information content of a packet is the bit pattern 1110 0110 1001 1101 and an even…

A: Given: Bit pattern:1110 0110 1001 1101 Solution: Firstly the given bit pattern is represented as…

Q: Assume that the sender and receiver both have a constant roundtrip delay, which the sender is aware…

A: Answer: Yes, a timer is required in the protocol rdt 3.0 even if the round trip delay time between…

Q: 3.4-8 Channel utilization with pipelining. Suppose a packet is 10K bits long, the channel…

A: Correct answer - (C) 0.1

Q: Consider a system with transmission time 50 msec, propagation time 25 msec then link utilization (%)…

A: To find the link utilization of channel if stop and wait protocol is used.

Q: Consider in the SW-ARQ protocol a packet can at most be retransmitted for 5 times, before it is…

A: Automatic Repeat ReQuest (ARQ): Systems which robotically request the retransmission ofmissing…

Q: If your protocol will be a sliding window protocol, how many bits do you need to represent the…

A: Bits for representing sequence numbers The first step is to determine the window size. The round…

Q: In your opinion, compare and discuss the suitability of serial communication protocols in the…

A: Here we have to compare and discuss the suitability of serial communication protocols in the given…

Types Of Protocols

A network protocol is a collection of rules that governs the exchange of data between devices connected to the same network. In other words, network protocols are rules that specify how devices communicate or transfer data over a network. The sender and receiver systems must obey the standards to facilitate communication between them.