Consider two neighboring island countries called Bellissima and Dolorium. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce jeans, corn, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of jeans or corn that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Jeans Corn Country (Pairs per hour of labor) (Bushels per hour of labor) Bellissima 8 16 Dolorium 20

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Chapter3: Interdependence And The Gains Rrom Trade
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3. Gains from trade
Consider two neighboring island countries called Bellissima and Dolorium. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to
produce jeans, corn, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of jeans or corn that can be produced using 1 hour of labor.
Jeans
Corn
Country
(Pairs per hour of labor)
(Bushels per hour of labor)
Bellissima
8
16
Dolorium
20
Initially, suppose Bellissima uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce jeans and 3 million hours per week to produce corn, while Dolorium uses
3 million hours of labor per week to produce jeans and 1 million hours per week to produce corn. Consequently, Bellissima produces 8 million pairs of
jeans and 48 million bushels of corn, and Dolorium produces 15 million pairs of jeans and 20 million bushels of corn. Assume there are no other
countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of jeans and corn it
produces.
Bellissima's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is
of corn, and Dolorium's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is
of corn. Therefore,
has a comparative advantage in the production of jeans, and
has a
comparative advantage in the production of corn.
Suppose that each country completely specializes in the production of the good in which it has a comparative advantage, producing only that good. In
this case, the country that produces jeans will produce
million pairs per week, and the country that produces corn will produce
million bushels per week.
Transcribed Image Text:3. Gains from trade Consider two neighboring island countries called Bellissima and Dolorium. They each have 4 million labor hours available per week that they can use to produce jeans, corn, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of jeans or corn that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Jeans Corn Country (Pairs per hour of labor) (Bushels per hour of labor) Bellissima 8 16 Dolorium 20 Initially, suppose Bellissima uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce jeans and 3 million hours per week to produce corn, while Dolorium uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce jeans and 1 million hours per week to produce corn. Consequently, Bellissima produces 8 million pairs of jeans and 48 million bushels of corn, and Dolorium produces 15 million pairs of jeans and 20 million bushels of corn. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of jeans and corn it produces. Bellissima's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is of corn, and Dolorium's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is of corn. Therefore, has a comparative advantage in the production of jeans, and has a comparative advantage in the production of corn. Suppose that each country completely specializes in the production of the good in which it has a comparative advantage, producing only that good. In this case, the country that produces jeans will produce million pairs per week, and the country that produces corn will produce million bushels per week.
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