Consult the MIME RFC to find out how base64 encoding handles binary data of a length not evenly divisible by three bytes. The POP3 Post Office Protocol only allows a client to retrieve email, using a password for authentication. Traditionally, to send email a client would simply send it to its server (using SMTP) and expect that it be relayed. (a) Explain why email servers often no longer permit such relaying from arbitrary clients. (b) Propose an SMTP option for remote client authentication. (c) Find out what existi methods are available for addressin this issue.

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