(d) Are there monic FSP polynomials (of some degree) that have real number coefficients, but some of those coefficients are not integers? Explain your reasoning.

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Chapter3: Polynomial And Rational Functions
Section3.2: Polynomial Functinos And Their Graphs
Problem 4E: Which of the following statements couldn't possibly be true about the polynomial function P? (a) P...
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Answer (d) only.

A polynomial f(æ) has the factor-square property (or FSP) if f(x) is a factor of f(x?).
For instance, g(x) = x – 1 and h(x) = x have FSP, but k(x) = x + 2 does not.
Reason: r -1 is a factor of a2 – 1, and r is a factor of x2, but r +2 is not a factor of r2 +2.
Multiplying by a nonzero constant “preserves" FSP, so we restrict attention to poly-
nomials that are monic (i.e., have 1 as highest-degree coefficient).
What patterns do monic FSP polynomials satisfy?
To make progress on this topic, investigate the following questions and justify your
answers.
(a) Are r and x – 1 the only monic FSP polynomials of degree 1?
(b) List all the monic FSP polynomials of degree 2.
To start, note that x?, x? – 1, x? – x, and x? + x + 1 are on that list.
Some of them are products of FSP polynomials of smaller degree. For instance,
x2 and x2 – x arise from degree 1 cases. However, x² – 1 and x2 + x+1 are new,
not expressible as a product of two smaller FSP polynomials.
Which terms in your list of degree 2 examples are new?
(c) List all the new monic FSP polynomials of degree 3.
Note: Some monic FSP polynomials of degree 3 have complex coefficients that are not real.
Can you make a similar list in degree 4?
(d) Are there monic FSP polynomials (of some degree) that have real number
coefficients, but some of those coefficients are not integers?
Explain your reasoning.
Transcribed Image Text:A polynomial f(æ) has the factor-square property (or FSP) if f(x) is a factor of f(x?). For instance, g(x) = x – 1 and h(x) = x have FSP, but k(x) = x + 2 does not. Reason: r -1 is a factor of a2 – 1, and r is a factor of x2, but r +2 is not a factor of r2 +2. Multiplying by a nonzero constant “preserves" FSP, so we restrict attention to poly- nomials that are monic (i.e., have 1 as highest-degree coefficient). What patterns do monic FSP polynomials satisfy? To make progress on this topic, investigate the following questions and justify your answers. (a) Are r and x – 1 the only monic FSP polynomials of degree 1? (b) List all the monic FSP polynomials of degree 2. To start, note that x?, x? – 1, x? – x, and x? + x + 1 are on that list. Some of them are products of FSP polynomials of smaller degree. For instance, x2 and x2 – x arise from degree 1 cases. However, x² – 1 and x2 + x+1 are new, not expressible as a product of two smaller FSP polynomials. Which terms in your list of degree 2 examples are new? (c) List all the new monic FSP polynomials of degree 3. Note: Some monic FSP polynomials of degree 3 have complex coefficients that are not real. Can you make a similar list in degree 4? (d) Are there monic FSP polynomials (of some degree) that have real number coefficients, but some of those coefficients are not integers? Explain your reasoning.
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