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only part d! thank you!
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- explain in detail the mechanism for the photoinduced step-growth polymerization of n-ethylcarbazole.A. Why does acrylic acid polymerization under radical conditions work so well? Explain. B. Predict the impact of using the crosslinker shown below, instead of MBA, on the hardness/rigidity of the polymer. Explain.Which reaction—dehydration synthesis or hydrolysis—converts a polymer to its monomers? Which one convertsmonomers to a polymer? Explain your answer
- Delrin (polyoxymethylene) is a tough self-lubricating polymer used in gear wheels. It is made by polymerizing formaldehyde in the presence of an acidcatalyst. Is Delrin a chain-growth polymer or a step-growth polymer?A3 Anionic polymerization of styrene is generally known to produce polymers with a narrow molecular weight distribution. Explain the reason for this.A sample of polystyrene is composed of a series of fractions of different sized molecules. a)Calculate the number average and weight average molecular weights of this sample as well as the PDI. Comment on the PDI – is it polydispersed? b)How would adding styrene oligomer change the average molecular weights? Added amount is 5 wt. % of polymer mass and M = 1,000 g/mol. c)What would be the potential polymerisation pathways you may follow to polymerise this polymer d)What would happen if you fractionate the polymer to remove all fractions above 20,000 Da and 50% of any fraction above 15,000 Da? Recalculate the Mn, Mw, and PDI for this new system. e)What type of polymeric materials does this distribution of Mw for the new system corresponds to? Would it be likely solid or liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure?
- Describe the polymerization of 2,2-dimethyloxirane by an anionic mechanism.Give a single benefit for each polymerisation from carrying them out under a nitrogen atmosphere? (d) Of the two polymers produced (A and B) one had Mn = 12,000 and a polydispersity of 1.1 and one a Mn = 11, 200 and a polydispersity of 1.7. Identify which set of molecular weight parameters corresponds to which polystyrene sample.Draw a chemical reaction scheme for the benzoyl peroxide-initiated polymerization of vinyl chloride showing the initiation, propagation and termination steps. The termination steps should include combination, disproportionation and transfer to initiator. (Assume that there is no secondary decomposition of primary radicals and that regioselective in the propagating step is 100% H-T).
- In the presence of H3O+, 2-methylpropene oxide undergoes chain-growth polymerization such that nucleophilic attack occurs at the more substituted end of the epoxide. Draw a stepwise mechanism for this process, and explain this regioselectivity.Explain with more details, how you can prepare poly(ethylene oxide) by using Anionic and Cationic polymerisationOrder the following monomers with respect to their expected reactivity toward cationic polymerization, and explain your answer: